相关论文: Randomization-based Test for Censored Outcomes: A …

There is a substantial literature on testing for the equality of the cumulative incidence functions associated with one specific cause in a competing risks setting across several populations against specific or all alternatives. In this…

This paper clarifies a fundamental difference between causal inference and traditional statistical inference by formalizing a mathematical distinction between their respective parameters. We connect two major approaches to causal inference,…

The logrank test is a well-known nonparametric test which is often used to compare the survival distributions of two samples including right censored observations, it is also known as the Mantel-Haenszel test. The $G^{\rho}$ family of…

We present a randomization-based inferential framework for experiments characterized by a strongly ignorable assignment mechanism where units have independent probabilities of receiving treatment. Previous works on randomization tests often…

This paper extends doubly robust censoring unbiased transformations to a broad class of censored data structures under the assumption of coarsening at random and positivity. This includes the classic survival and competing risks setting,…

Rank-based inference methods are applied in various disciplines, typically when procedures relying on standard normal theory are not justifiable, for example when data are not symmetrically distributed, contain outliers, or responses are…

We study randomized generation of sequences of test-inputs to a system using Prolog. Prolog is a natural fit to generate test-sequences that have complex logical inter-dependent structure. To counter the problems posed by a large (or…

Inference based on the penalized density ratio model is proposed and studied. The model under consideration is specified by assuming that the log--likelihood function of two unknown densities is of some parametric form. The model has been…

We consider linear regression model estimation where the covariate of interest is randomly censored. Under a non-informative censoring mechanism, one may obtain valid estimates by deleting censored observations. However, this comes at a…

Statisticians have recently developed propensity score methods to improve generalizations from randomized experiments that do not employ random sampling. However, these methods typically rely on assumptions whose plausibility may be…

There are two general views in causal analysis of experimental data: the super population view that the units are an independent sample from some hypothetical infinite populations, and the finite population view that the potential outcomes…

We propose a new algorithmic framework for sequential hypothesis testing with i.i.d. data, which includes A/B testing, nonparametric two-sample testing, and independence testing as special cases. It is novel in several ways: (a) it takes…

Cluster analysis is a fundamental research issue in statistics and machine learning. In many modern clustering methods, we need to determine whether two subsets of samples come from the same cluster. Since these subsets are usually…

To generalize inferences from a randomized trial to the target population of all trial-eligible individuals, investigators can use nested trial designs, where the randomized individuals are nested within a cohort of trial-eligible…

Participants in clinical trials are often viewed as a unique, finite population. Yet, statistical analyses often assume that participants were randomly sampled from a larger population. Under Complete Randomization, Randomization-Based…

The injunction to `analyze the way you randomize' is well-known to statisticians since Fisher advocated for randomization as the basis of inference. Yet even those convinced by the merits of randomization-based inference seldom follow this…

We consider the problem of two-sample testing in a semi-supervised setting with abundant unlabeled covariate data. Standard two-sample tests neglect covariate information, which has the potential to significantly boost performance. However,…

Epidemiologic screening programs often make use of tests with small, but non-zero probabilities of misdiagnosis. In this article, we assume the target population is finite with a fixed number of true cases, and that we apply an imperfect…

Despite their ubiquity in language generation, it remains unknown why truncation sampling heuristics like nucleus sampling are so effective. We provide a theoretical explanation for the effectiveness of the truncation sampling by proving…

We introduce a kernel-based goodness-of-fit test for censored data, where observations may be missing in random time intervals: a common occurrence in clinical trials and industrial life-testing. The test statistic is straightforward to…