相关论文: The minimum energy state

Invoking Maxwell's classical electrodynamics in conjunction with expressions for the electromagnetic (EM) energy, momentum, force, and torque, we use a few simple examples to demonstrate the nature of linear and angular momentum exchange…

We investigate the ground state energy of an electron coupled to a photon field. First, we regard the self-energy of a free electron, which we describe by the Pauli-Fierz Hamiltonian. We show that, in the case of small values of the…

We report an ab initio evaluation of the surface energy of a simple metal, performed via a coupling-constant integration over the dynamical density-response function. The rapid rate of change of the electron density at the surface is…

In the framework of standard static space times, we state a family of sufficient or necessary conditions for a set of physically reasonable energy and convergence conditions in relativity and related theories. We concentrate our study on…

The first order estimate of energy and eigenstate of a perturbed system are found by summation over its basis.

We characterize the two-site marginals of exchangeable states of a system of quantum spins in terms of a simple positivity condition. This result is used in two applications. We first show that the distance between two-site marginals of…

To describe the nonequilibrium states of the system, a new thermodynamic parameter - system lifetime - is introduced. Statistical distributions that describe the behavior of energy and lifetime are recorded. Entropy and obtained…

Behavior in the context of game theory is described as a natural process that follows the 2nd law of thermodynamics. The rate of entropy increase as the payoff function is derived from statistical physics of open systems. The thermodynamic…

We consider a bipartite mean-field model in which both the interaction constant and the external field take different values only depending on the groups particles belong to. We compute the exact value of the thermodynamic limit of the…

The main topic of this work concerns the formulation of the equations of motion and the consequent energy balance that they imply for this type of systems, In particular, the analytical development that we will carry out on the equations of…

The one-dimensional quantum spin-1/2 model with nearest-neighbor ferromagnetic and next-nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic interaction is considered. The Hamiltonian is first bosonized by using the linear spin wave approximation, and then…

The violent relaxation and the metastable states of the Hamiltonian Mean-Field model, a paradigmatic system of long-range interactions, is studied using a Hamiltonian formalism. Rigorous results are derived algebraically for the time…

This work deals with an Abelian gauge field in the presence of an electric charge immersed in a medium controlled by neutral scalar fields, which interact with the gauge field through a generalized dielectric function. We develop an…

Starting from a point - like two - and three - particle interaction the kinetic equation is derived. While the drift term of the kinetic equation turns out to be determined by the known Skyrme mean field the collision integral appears in…

An analysis of errors in measurement yields new insight into classically forbidden quantum processes. In addition to "physical" values, a realistic measurement can yield "unphysical" values; we show that in {\it sequences} of measurements,…

We derive expressions for the expectation values of the local energy and the local power transferred by an external electrical field to a many-particle system of interacting spinless electrons. In analogy with the definition of the (local)…

Equation of motion of an uncharged arbitrarily shaped dust particle under the effects of (stellar) electromagnetic radiation and thermal emission is derived. The resulting relativistically covariant equation of motion is expressed in terms…

We consider a class of particle systems which appear in various applications such as approximation theory, plasticity, potential theory and space-filling designs. The positions of the particles on the real line are described as a global…

We develop a statistical theory of the mean field. It is based on the proposition that the mean field can be obtained as an energy average. Moreover, it is assumed that the matrix elements of the residual interaction are random with the…

The potential energy problem in an electrostatically bound two-body system is studied in the framework of a recently proposed impact model of the electrostatic force and in analogy to the potential energy in a gravitationally bound system.…