相关论文: Second quantization of time and energy in Relativi…
The notions of time in the theories of Newton and Einstein are reviewed so that certain of their assumptions are clarified. These assumptions will be seen as the causes of the incompatibility between the two different ways of understanding…
We consider the cluster of problems raised by the relation between the notion of time, gravitational theory, quantum theory and thermodynamics; in particular, we address the problem of relating the "timelessness" of the hypothetical…
A generalization of the Dirac's canonical quantization theory for a system with second-class constraints is proposed as the fundamental commutation relations that are constituted by all commutators between positions, momenta and Hamiltonian…
In this review we present the problem of time in quantum physics, including a short history of the problem and the known objections about considering time a quantum observable. The need to deal with time as an observable is elaborated…
The nature of time in quantum mechanics is closely related to the use of a complex, rather than say real, Hilbert space. This becomes particularly clear when considering quantum field theory in time dependent backgrounds, such as in…
Frauchiger and Renner recently cast doubt on the universal applicability of Quantum Mechanics [1]. In the following, it is pointed out that their conclusion of one of three common-sense conditions, demanded for Quantum Mechanics, being…
While Quantum Gravity remains elusive and Quantum Field Theory retains the interpretational difficulties of Quantum Mechanics, we have introduced an alternate approach to the unification of particles, fields, space and time, suggesting that…
In the usual formulation of quantum theory, time is a global classical evolution parameter, not a local quantum observable. On the other hand, both canonical quantum gravity (which lacks fundamental time-evolution parameter) and the…
We introduce observables associated with the space-time position of a quantum point defined by the intersection of two light pulses. The time observable is canonically conjugated to the energy. Conformal symmetry of massless quantum fields…
The formalism of quantum field theory in operator form, based on the anti self-adjoint operators of the imaginary coordinate and momentum and the self-adjoint operators of the real coordinate, momentum, energy and time, is used in…
The usual quantum mechanics describes the mass eigenstates. To describe the proper-time eigenstates, a duality theory of the usual quantum mechanics was developed. The time interval is treated as an operator on an equal footing with the…
A formulation of Covariant Canonical Quantization is discussed, which works on an extended Hilbert space and reduces to conventional canonical quantization when constraining to the solution of the field equation a priori. From the formal…
I suggest that measurement in quantum theory should be regarded as a sense of time (of things happening), which is as important as the conventional relativistic notion of time. A key question -- of basic physical interest whether one…
We introduced with coauthors some years ago a solution to the problem of time in quantum gravity which consists in formulating the quantum theory in terms of real clocks. It combines Page and Wootters' relational proposal with Rovelli's…
A modified version of the bilocal particle is presented in terms of complex space time. Unusual constraint structure of the model is studied, and a new concept of the physical equivalence is proposed in accordance with Dirac's conjecture.…
In quantum gravity there is no notion of absolute time. Like all other quantities in the theory, the notion of time has to be introduced "relationally", by studying the behavior of some physical quantities in terms of others chosen as a…
We take quantum theory and replace $\mathbb{C}$ by $\mathbb{C}[\varepsilon]$ where $\varepsilon^2=0$, i.e. we extend quantum theory to the ring of dual complex numbers. The aim is to develop a common language in which to treat continuous…
W. Pauli pointed out that the existence of a self-adjoint time operator is incompatible with the semibounded character of the Hamiltonian spectrum. As a result, people have been arguing a lot about the time-energy uncertainty relation and…
The problem of time is one of the most relevant open issues in canonical quantum gravity. Although there is a huge literature about this topic, a commonly accepted solution has not been found yet. Here, we focus on the semiclassical…
When we quantize a system consisting of a single particle, the proper time $\tau $ and the rest mass $m$ are usually dealt with as parameters. In the present article, however, we introduce a new quantization rule by which these quantities…