相关论文: Casework applications of probabilistic genotyping …

We present methods for inference about relationships between contributors to a DNA mixture and other individuals of known genotype: a basic example would be testing whether a contributor to a mixture is the father of a child of known…

In both criminal cases and civil cases there is an increasing demand for the analysis of DNA mixtures involving relationships. The goal might be, for example, to identify the contributors to a DNA mixture where the donors may be related, or…

Here we present an Italian criminal case that shows how statistical methods can be used to extract information from a series of mixed DNA profiles. The case involves several different individuals and a set of different DNA traces. The case…

Statistical analysis of DNA mixtures is known to pose computational challenges due to the enormous state space of possible DNA profiles. We propose a Bayesian network representation for genotypes, allowing computations to be performed…

This paper presents a new framework for analysing forensic DNA samples using probabilistic genotyping. Specifically it presents a mathematical framework for specifying and combining the steps in producing forensic casework electropherograms…

When a defendant's DNA matches a sample found at a crime scene, how compelling is the match? To answer this question, DNA analysts typically use relative frequencies, random-match probabilities or likelihood ratios. They compute these…

The likelihood ratio (LR) is a commonly used measure for determining the strength of forensic match evidence. When a forensic expert determines a high LR for DNA found at a crime scene matching the DNA profile of a suspect they typically…

Many DNA profiles recovered from crime scene samples are of a quality that does not allow them to be searched against, nor entered into, databases. We propose a method for the comparison of profiles arising from two DNA samples, one or both…

DNA is now routinely used in criminal investigations and court cases, although DNA samples taken at crime scenes are of varying quality and therefore present challenging problems for their interpretation. We present a statistical model for…

We consider the problem of detecting and estimating the strength of association between a trait of interest and alleles or haplotypes in a small genomic region (e.g. a gene or a gene complex), when no direct information on that region is…

In forensic DNA calculations of relatedness of individuals and in DNA mixture analyses, two sources of uncertainty are present concerning the allele frequencies used for evaluating genotype probabilities when evaluating likelihoods. They…

There are a number of vectors for attack when trying to link an individual to a certain DNA sequence. Phenotypic prediction is one such vector; linking DNA to an individual based on their traits. Current approaches are not overly effective,…

Mixture interpretation is a central challenge in forensic science, where evidence often contains contributions from multiple sources. In the context of DNA analysis, biological samples recovered from crime scenes may include genetic…

Y-chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA profiles have been used as evidence in courts for decades, yet the problem of evaluating the weight of evidence has not been adequately resolved. Both are lineage markers (inherited from just one parent),…

The evaluation of a match between the DNA profile of a stain found on a crime scene and that of a suspect (previously identified) involves the use of the unknown parameter $p=(p_1, p_2, ...)$, (the ordered vector which represents the…

Familial Searching is the process of searching in a DNA database for relatives of a certain individual. It is well known that in order to evaluate the genetic evidence in favour of a certain given form of relatedness between two…

This paper presents a probabilistic approach for DNA sequence analysis. A DNA sequence consists of an arrangement of the four nucleotides A, C, T and G and different representation schemes are presented according to a probability measure…

In the idealized Morgan model of crossover, we study the probability distributions of shared DNA (identical by descent) between individuals having a wide range of relationships (not just lineal descendants), especially cases for which…

The case-control design is often used to test associations between the case-control status and genetic variants. In addition to this primary phenotype a number of additional traits, known as secondary phenotypes, are routinely recorded and…

It is now widely accepted that forensic DNA profiles are rare, so it was a surprise to some people that different people represented in offender databases are being found to have the same profile. In the first place this is just an…