相关论文: The Micro-Randomized Trial for Developing Digital …

Continuous-time reinforcement learning (CTRL) provides a natural framework for sequential decision-making in dynamic environments where interactions evolve continuously over time. While CTRL has shown growing empirical success, its ability…

Background: In settings where proof-of-principle trials have succeeded but the effectiveness of different forms of implementation remains uncertain, trials that not only generate information about intervention effects but also provide…

Digit therapeutics are novel software devices that clinicians may utilize in delivering quality mental health care and ensuring positive outcomes. However, uptake of digital therapeutics and clinically tested software-based programs remains…

The sampling based motion planning algorithm known as Rapidly-exploring Random Trees (RRT) has gained the attention of many researchers due to their computational efficiency and effectiveness. Recently, a variant of RRT called RRT* has been…

Understanding how robots plan and execute tasks is crucial in today's world, where they are becoming more prevalent in our daily lives. However, teaching non-experts, such as K-12 students, the complexities of robot planning can be…

Planning safe paths in 3D workspace for high DoF robotic systems, such as manipulators, is a challenging problem, especially when the environment is populated with the dynamic obstacles that need to be avoided. In this case the time…

An early phase clinical trial is the first step in evaluating the effects in humans of a potential new anti-disease agent or combination of agents. Usually called "phase I" or "phase I/II" trials, these experiments typically have the…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities, yet aligning such abilities to small language models (SLMs) remains a challenge due to distributional mismatches and limited model capacity. Existing reasoning…

Covariate adjustment is an approach to improve the precision of trial analyses by adjusting for baseline variables that are prognostic of the primary endpoint. Motivated by the SEARCH Universal HIV Test-and-Treat Trial (2013-2017), we tell…

The increasing transition of human-robot interaction (HRI) context from controlled settings to dynamic, real-world public environments calls for enhanced adaptability in robotic systems. This can go beyond algorithmic navigation or…

Multi-regional clinical trials (MRCTs) enable efficient global drug development by assessing treatment effects across regions within a single protocol. While powered for overall efficacy, MRCTs are typically not designed to provide…

Bayesian adaptive clinical trials offer a flexible and efficient alternative to traditional fixed-design trials, but their implementation is often hindered by the complexity of Bayesian computations and the need for advanced statistical…

Covariate adjustment is desired by both practitioners and regulators of randomized clinical trials because it improves precision for estimating treatment effects. However, covariate adjustment presents a particular challenge in…

Stepped wedge cluster randomized trials (SW-CRTs) have become increasingly popular and are used for a variety of interventions and outcomes, often chosen for their feasibility advantages. SW-CRTs must account for time trends in the outcome…

Mediation analysis has been comprehensively studied for independent data but relatively little work has been done for correlated data, especially for the increasingly adopted stepped wedge cluster randomized trials (SW-CRTs). Motivated by…

Dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) have received an increasing interest in recent years. DTRs are sequences of treatment decision rules tailored to patient-level information. The main goal of the DTR study is to identify an optimal DTR, a…

Survey instruments and assessments are frequently used in many domains of social science. When the constructs that these assessments try to measure become multifaceted, multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) provides a unified…

Responsibly deploying artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) systems in high-stakes settings arguably requires not only proof of system reliability, but also continual, post-deployment monitoring to quickly detect and address…

Sequential multiple assignment randomized trials (SMARTs) are used to construct data-driven optimal intervention strategies for subjects based on their intervention and covariate histories in different branches of health and behavioral…

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for evaluating causal effects but are often costly and difficult to scale; consequently, they are frequently augmented with auxiliary external controls in many applications. Prior…