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Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (LTEM) is a powerful tool for high-resolution imaging of magnetic textures, including their dynamics under external stimuli and ultrafast nonequilibrium conditions. However, magnetic imaging is often…

材料科学 · 物理学 2025-05-12 Shunsuke Hayashi , Dongxue Han , Hidenori Tsuji , Kyoko Ishizaka , Asuka Nakamura

The rigid-intensity-shift model of differential phase contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy (DPC-STEM) imaging assumes that the phase gradient imposed on the probe by the sample causes the diffraction pattern intensity to shift…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2018-04-25 L. Clark , H. G. Brown , D. M. Paganin , M. J. Morgan , T. Matsumoto , N. Shibata , T. C. Petersen , S. D. Findlay

Precession of a converged beam during acquisition of a 4D-STEM dataset improves strain, orientation, and phase mapping accuracy by averaging over continuous angles of illumination. Precession experiments usually rely on integrated systems,…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2025-10-20 Stephanie M. Ribet , Rohan Dhall , Colin Ophus , Karen C. Bustillo

Momentum-resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy (MRSTEM) is a powerful phase-contrast technique that can map lateral magnetic and electric fields ranging from the micrometer to the subatomic scale. Resolving fields ranging from…

Precession Electron Diffraction (PED) offers a number of advantages for crystal structure analysis and solving unknown structures using electron diffraction. The current article uses many-beam simulations of PED intensities, in combination…

材料科学 · 物理学 2025-09-22 W. Sinkler , L. D. Marks

The association of scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and the detection of a diffraction pattern at each probe position (so-called 4D-STEM) represents one of the most promising approaches to analyze structural properties of…

应用物理 · 物理学 2023-01-26 Leonardo Corrêa , Eduardo Ortega , Arturo Ponce , Mônica Cotta , Daniel Ugarte

Differential phase contrast (DPC) imaging in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) maps projected electric fields through the phase sensitivity of segmented low-angle detectors. Although typically applied to atomic-resolution…

Space charge layers (SCLs) at grain boundaries play a crucial role in modulating local electric fields and influencing the functional properties of materials, such as oxygen vacancy migration and ionic conductivity in oxide ceramics.…

The use of differential phase contrast (DPC) in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has shown much promise for directly investigating the functional properties of a material system, leveraging the natural coupling between the…

材料科学 · 物理学 2025-12-04 Rafael V. Ferreira , Sebastian Calderon V. , Paulo J. Ferreira

The recently developed precession electron diffraction (PED) technique in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has been used to elucidate the local strain distribution and crystalline misorientation in CMOS fabricated strained…

During the last few years, serial electron crystallography (Serial Electron Diffraction, SerialED) has been gaining attention for the structure determination of crystalline compounds that are sensitive to the irradiation of the electron…

材料科学 · 物理学 2025-07-29 Sergi Plana-Ruiz , Penghan Lu , Govind Ummethala , Rafal Dunin-Borkowski

In Part I of this diptych, we outline the parallel mode of differential phase contrast (TEM-DPC), which uses real-space distortion of Fresnel images arising from electrostatic or magnetostatic fields to quantify the phase gradient of…

材料科学 · 物理学 2021-09-22 G. W. Paterson , G. M. Macauley , S. McVitie , Y. Togawa

A new method for dark field imaging is introduced which uses scanned electron diffraction (or 4DSTEM - 4-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy) datasets as its input. Instead of working on simple summation of intensity, it…

材料科学 · 物理学 2024-09-18 Ian MacLaren , Andrew T. Fraser , Matthew R. Lipsett , Colin Ophus

The recent development of electron sensitive and pixelated detectors has attracted the use of four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM). Here, we present a precession electron diffraction assisted 4D-STEM…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2021-10-04 Jiwon Jeong , Niels Cautaerts , Gerhard Dehm , Christian H. Liebscher

We propose a new scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) technique that can realize the three-dimensional (3D) characterization of vacancies, lighter and heavier dopants with high precision. Using multislice STEM imaging and…

材料科学 · 物理学 2016-07-12 Jared M. Johnson , Soohyun Im , Jinwoo Hwang

Material properties strongly depend on the nature and concentration of defects. Characterizing these features may require nano- to atomic-scale resolution to establish structure-property relationships. 4D-STEM, a technique where diffraction…

材料科学 · 物理学 2023-05-03 Stephanie M. Ribet , Colin Ophus , Roberto dos Reis , Vinayak P. Dravid

Electron microscopy is a powerful tool for visualizing the shapes of sub-nanometer objects. However, contrast is not in proportional to density distribution, and therefore achieving a quantitative understanding of specimens is not…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2020-05-14 Masato Tomita , Yukinori Nagatani , Kazuyoshi Murata , Atsushi Momose

The three scanning electron microscope diffraction based techniques of electron channelling patterns (ECPs), electron channelling contrast imaging (ECCI), and electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD) are reviewed. The dynamical diffraction…

材料科学 · 物理学 2019-04-12 AJ Wilkinson , PB Hirsch

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) provides high-resolution visualization of atomic structures as well as various functional imaging modes utilizing phase contrast. In this study we introduce a semicircular aperture in STEM…

We introduce a new image contrast mechanism for scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) that derives from the local symmetry within the specimen. For a given position of the electron probe on the specimen, the image intensity is…

材料科学 · 物理学 2020-12-30 Matus Krajnak , Joanne Etheridge
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