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Universal outlier hypothesis testing refers to a hypothesis testing problem where one observes a large number of length-$n$ sequences -- the majority of which are distributed according to the typical distribution $\pi$ and a small number…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2026-01-05 Bernhard C. Geiger , Tobias Koch , Josipa Mihaljević , Maximilian Toller

Bayesian statistics emphasizes the importance of prior distributions, yet finding an appropriate one is practically challenging. When multiple sample results are taken regarding the frequency of the same event, these samples may be…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2024-11-27 Yu-Fu Shen

We develop techniques to quantify the degree to which a given (training or testing) example is an outlier in the underlying distribution. We evaluate five methods to score examples in a dataset by how well-represented the examples are, for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-10-30 Nicholas Carlini , Úlfar Erlingsson , Nicolas Papernot

Influence overlap is a universal phenomenon in influence spreading for social networks. In this paper, we argue that the redundant influence generated by influence overlap cause negative effect for maximizing spreading influence. Firstly,…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2019-03-04 Ning Wang , Zi-Yi Wang , Jian-Guo Liu , Jing-Ti Han

We introduce an online outlier detection algorithm to detect outliers in a sequentially observed data stream. For this purpose, we use a two-stage filtering and hedging approach. In the first stage, we construct a multi-modal probability…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-03-13 Mohammadreza Mohaghegh Neyshabouri , Suleyman Serdar Kozat

In this paper, we propose a robust method to estimate the average treatment effects in observational studies when the number of potential confounders is possibly much greater than the sample size. We first use a class of penalized…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2018-12-21 Yang Ning , Sida Peng , Kosuke Imai

Random-effects models are frequently used to synthesise information from different studies in meta-analysis. While likelihood-based inference is attractive both in terms of limiting properties and of implementation, its application in…

应用统计 · 统计学 2018-05-25 Sophia Kyriakou , Ioannis Kosmidis , Nicola Sartori

We consider the setting of an aggregate data meta-analysis of a continuous outcome of interest. When the distribution of the outcome is skewed, it is often the case that some primary studies report the sample mean and standard deviation of…

An outlier is an observation or a data point that is far from rest of the data points in a given dataset or we can be said that an outlier is away from the center of mass of observations. Presence of outliers can skew statistical measures…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-17 Amulya Agarwal , Nitin Gupta

Convenient access to observational data enables us to learn causal effects without randomized experiments. This research direction draws increasing attention in research areas such as economics, healthcare, and education. For example, we…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2019-12-03 Ruocheng Guo , Jundong Li , Huan Liu

Many machine learning classification systems lack competency awareness. Specifically, many systems lack the ability to identify when outliers (e.g., samples that are distinct from and not represented in the training data distribution) are…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-07-03 Matthew Cook , Alina Zare , Paul Gader

Outlier detection and cleaning are essential steps in data preprocessing to ensure the integrity and validity of data analyses. This paper focuses on outlier points within individual trajectories, i.e., points that deviate significantly…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2025-11-26 Mariana M Garcez Duarte , Mahmoud Sakr

Rich meta-epidemiological data sets have been collected to explore associations between intervention effect estimates and study-level characteristics. Welton et al. proposed models for the analysis of meta-epidemiological data, but these…

应用统计 · 统计学 2017-11-28 Kirsty Rhodes , David Mawdsley , Rebecca Turner , Hayley Jones , Jelena Savovic , Julian Higgins

Outlying curves often occur in functional or longitudinal datasets, and can be very influential on parameter estimators and very hard to detect visually. In this article we introduce estimators of the mean and the principal components that…

应用统计 · 统计学 2010-11-03 Daniel Gervini

The combination of the Internet of Things and the Edge Computing gives many opportunities to support innovative applications close to end users. Numerous devices present in both infrastructures can collect data upon which various processing…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2021-03-02 Kostas Kolomvatsos , Christos Anagnostopoulos

Random-effects models are frequently used to synthesise information from different studies in meta-analysis. While likelihood-based inference is attractive both in terms of limiting properties and of implementation, its application in…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2018-02-16 Ioannis Kosmidis , Annamaria Guolo , Cristiano Varin

It is becoming increasingly common for researchers to consider incorporating external information from large studies to improve the accuracy of statistical inference instead of relying on a modestly sized dataset collected internally. With…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2021-07-20 Tian Gu , Jeremy M. G. Taylor , Bhramar Mukherjee

We propose a novel approach for inferring the individualized causal effects of a treatment (intervention) from observational data. Our approach conceptualizes causal inference as a multitask learning problem; we model a subject's potential…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-06-20 Ahmed M. Alaa , Michael Weisz , Mihaela van der Schaar

Linear regression on network-linked observations has been an essential tool in modeling the relationship between response and covariates with additional network structures. Previous methods either lack inference tools or rely on restrictive…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2022-08-22 Can M. Le , Tianxi Li

Interference is ubiquitous when conducting causal experiments over networks. Except for certain network structures, causal inference on the network in the presence of interference is difficult due to the entanglement between the treatment…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2023-12-08 Chencheng Cai , Xu Zhang , Edoardo M. Airoldi