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The thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) imposes a fundamental constraint between current fluctuations and entropy production, providing a refined formulation of the second law for micro- and nanoscale systems. Quantum violations of the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-01-28 Yang Li , Fu-Lin Zhang

Thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs) are a set of inequalities expressing a fundamental trade-off between precision and dissipation in non-equilibrium classical and quantum thermodynamic processes. TURs show that achieving low…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-03-07 Mario Motta , Antonio Mezzacapo , Giacomo Guarnieri

Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relations (TURs) set universal bounds linking current fluctuations to entropy production in nonequilibrium steady states. Their multidimensional generalization (MTUR) introduces matrix inequalities connecting…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2026-05-07 Sergi Vidal , Alba Mayor-Fernandez , Rosa Lopez

Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relations express a trade-off between precision, defined as the noise-to-signal ratio of a generic current, and the amount of associated entropy production. These results have deep consequences for autonomous heat…

Stability and efficiency are mutually exclusive in a thermodynamic process, e.g. in a thermal machine. Any effort to reduce the fluctuations of a certain output quantity is necessarily accompanied by an increase of entropy production,…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2026-05-14 Franco Mayo , Nahual Sobrino , Rosario Fazio , Fabio Taddei , Michele Governale

Recently, a thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) has been formulated for classical Markovian systems demonstrating trade-off between precision (current fluctuation) and cost (dissipation). Systems that violate the TUR are interesting as…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2019-07-03 Junjie Liu , Dvira Segal

The thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) describes a trade-off relation between nonequilibrium currents and entropy production and serves as a fundamental principle of nonequilibrium thermodynamics. However, currently known TURs…

统计力学 · 物理学 2020-09-30 Kangqiao Liu , Zongping Gong , Masahito Ueda

The thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) is a fundamental principle in non-equilibrium thermodynamics that relates entropy production to fluctuations in a system, establishing a trade-off between the precision of an observable and the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-08-07 Arghya Maity , Ahana Ghoshal

Fluctuations strongly affect the dynamics and functionality of nanoscale thermal machines. Recent developments in stochastic thermodynamics have shown that fluctuations in many far-from-equilibrium systems are constrained by the rate of…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-01-29 Antoine Rignon-Bret , Giacomo Guarnieri , John Goold , Mark T. Mitchison

Nanoscale heat engines are subject to large fluctuations which affect their precision. The Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relation (TUR) provides a trade-off between output power, fluctuations and entropic cost. This trade-off may be overcome by…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-08-04 Alex Arash Sand Kalaee , Andreas Wacker , Patrick P. Potts

For classic systems, the thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) states that the fluctuations of a current have a lower bound in terms of the entropy production. Some TURs are rooted in information theory, particularly derived from…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-09-27 Domingos S. P. Salazar

Thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs) place strict bounds on the fluctuations of thermodynamic quantities in terms of the associated entropy production. In this work we identify the tightest (and saturable) matrix-valued TUR that can…

量子物理 · 物理学 2019-10-07 André M. Timpanaro , Giacomo Guarnieri , John Goold , Gabriel T. Landi

Thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs) represent a benchmark result in nonequilibrium physics that allows to place fundamental lower bounds on the noise-to-signal ratio (precision) of currents in nanoscale devices. Originally formulated…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-01-24 Andre M. Timpanaro , Giacomo Guarnieri , Gabriel T. Landi

We examine the so-called thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR), a cost-precision trade-off relationship in transport systems. Based on the fluctuation symmetry, we derive a condition on the validity of the TUR for general nonequilibrium…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2018-10-31 Bijay Kumar Agarwalla , Dvira Segal

A cost-precision trade-off relationship, the so-called thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR), has been recently discovered in stochastic thermodynamics. It bounds certain thermodynamic observables in terms of the associated entropy…

统计力学 · 物理学 2020-05-27 Soham Pal , Sushant Saryal , Dvira Segal , T. S. Mahesh , Bijay Kumar Agarwalla

Fluctuations are intrinsic to microscopic systems and impose fundamental limits on nonequilibrium precision, as captured by the thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR), which links current fluctuations to entropy production. While feedback…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-02-27 Ryotaro Honma , Tan Van Vu

Thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs) express a fundamental tradeoff between the precision (inverse scaled variance) of any thermodynamic current by functionals of the average entropy production. Relying on purely variational…

统计力学 · 物理学 2022-11-28 Kyle J. Ray , Alexander B. Boyd , Giacomo Guarnieri , James P. Crutchfield

Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relations (TURs) are relations that establish lower bounds for the relative fluctuations of thermodynamic quantities in terms of the statistics of the associated entropy production. In this work we derive a family…

统计力学 · 物理学 2026-03-24 André M. Timpanaro

Thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs) impose a universal trade-off between current precision and entropy production in autonomous steady states, constraining in particular the power, efficiency, and constancy of heat engines. We…

统计力学 · 物理学 2026-03-23 Enrique P. Cital , Viktor Holubec

In quantum thermodynamics, entropy production is usually defined in terms of the quantum relative entropy between two states. We derive a lower bound for the quantum entropy production in terms of the mean and variance of quantum…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-04-30 Domingos S. P. Salazar
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