相关论文: Inequality in Death from Social Conflicts: A Gini …

Socio-economic inequality is measured using various indices. The Gini ($g$) index, giving the overall inequality is the most commonly used, while the recently introduced Kolkata ($k$) index gives a measure of $1-k$ fraction of population…

Social inequalities are ubiquitous and here we show that the values of the Gini ($g$) and Kolkata ($k$) indices, two generic inequality indices, approach each other (starting from $g = 0$ and $k = 0.5$ for equality) as the competitions grow…

Socio-economic inequality is characterized from data using various indices. The Gini ($g$) index, giving the overall inequality is the most common one, while the recently introduced Kolkata ($k$) index gives a measure of $1-k$ fraction of…

Based on some analytic structural properties of the Gini and Kolkata indices for social inequality, as obtained from a generic form of the Lorenz function, we make a conjecture that the limiting (effective saturation) value of the…

Social inequalities are ubiquitous and evolve towards a universal limit. Herein, we extensively review the values of inequality measures, namely the Gini ($g$) index and the Kolkata ($k$) index, two standard measures of inequality used in…

We have studied few social inequality measures associated with the sub-critical dynamical features (measured in terms of the avalanche size distributions) of four self-organized critical models while the corresponding systems approach their…

Social inequality manifested across different strata of human existence can be quantified in several ways. Here we compute non-entropic measures of inequality such as Lorenz curve, Gini index and the recently introduced $k$ index…

We provide a survey of the Kolkata index of social inequality, focusing in particular on income inequality. Based on the observation that inequality functions (such as the Lorenz function), giving the measures of income or wealth against…

Social inequality is traditionally measured by the Gini-index ($g$). The $g$-index takes values from $0$ to $1$ where $g=0$ represents complete equality and $g=1$ represents complete inequality. Most of the estimates of the income or wealth…

Social inequality is a topic of interest since ages, and has attracted researchers across disciplines to ponder over it origin, manifestation, characteristics, consequences, and finally, the question of how to cope with it. It is manifested…

Inequality is an inherent part of our lives: we see it in the distribution of incomes, talents, resources, and citations, amongst many others. Its intensity varies across different environments: from relatively evenly distributed ones, to…

Most studies on inequality in infant and child mortality compare average mortality rates between large groups of births, for example, comparing births from different countries, income groups, ethnicities, or different times. These studies…

Modeling equity in the allocation of scarce resources is a fast-growing concern in the humanitarian logistics field. The Gini coefficient is one of the most widely recognized measures of inequity and it was originally characterized by means…

Statistical physicists and social scientists both study extensively some characteristic features of the unequal distributions of energy, cluster or avalanche sizes and of income, wealth etc among the particles (or sites) and population…

We present a numerical study of several inequality measures across two kinetic wealth exchange models with extreme inequality features (namely the Banerjee model, and the Chakraborti or Yard Sale model) and two earthquake simulating models…

We study the inequality of citations received for different publications of various researchers and Nobel laureates in Physics, Chemistry, Medicine and Economics using Google Scholar data from 2012 to 2024. Citation distributions are found…

We study here relations between three inequality indices, namely the Gini ($g$), Pietra ($p$) and Kolkata ($k$) introduced in 1912, 1915 and 2014 respectively and all are derived from the Lorenz function $L(x)$ introduced in 1905. The…

In the systems showing critical behavior, various response functions have a singularity at the critical point. Therefore, as the driving field is tuned towards its critical value, the response functions change drastically, typically…

Inequality indices are quantitative scores that gauge the divergence of wealth distributions in human societies from the "ground state" of pure communism. While inequality indices were devised for socioeconomic applications, they are…

It was conjectured for a long time that the tectonic plates are in a self-organized state of criticality and that the Gutenberg-Richter law is a manifestation of that. It was recently shown that for a system near criticality, the inequality…