相关论文: Weighing the Black Hole via Quasi-local Energy
We investigate the energy distribution of a black hole in various spacetimes as reckoned by a distant observer using the quasi-local energy approach. In each case the horizon mass of a black hole: neutral, charged or rotating, is found to…
A new paradigm for black holes is introduced. It is known as the External Energy Paradigm. The paradigm asserts that all energies of a black hole are external quantities; they are absent inside the horizon. These energies include…
The mass of a Kerr black hole can be separated into irreducible and rotational components -the former is a lower limit to the energy that cannot be possibly extracted from the event horizon and is related to its area. Here we compute the…
The problem of the existence of particles with negative energies inside and outside of Schwarzschild, charged and rotating black holes is investigated. Different definitions of the energy of the particle inside the Schwarzschild black hole…
In a previous paper, we proposed a new gravitational energy momentum tensor. Here we use this tensor to evaluate the gravitational energies both inside and outside the horizon of a Schwarzschild black hole. Our results show that all of the…
We explore the (non)-universality of Martinez's conjecture, originally proposed for Kerr black holes, within and beyond general relativity. The conjecture states that the Brown-York quasilocal energy at the outer horizon of such a black…
The mass-energy formula for a black hole endowed with electromagnetic structure (EMBH) is clarified for the nonrotating case. The irreducible mass $M_{\mathrm{irr}}$ is found to be independent of the electromagnetic field and explicitly…
The Penrose-Gibbons inequality for charged black holes is proved in spherical symmetry, assuming that outside the black hole there are no current sources, meaning that the charge e is constant, with the remaining fields satisfying the…
Charged and/or rotating black holes in General Relativity feature Cauchy horizons, which indicate a breakdown of predictability in the theory. Focusing on spherically symmetric charged black holes, we remark that the inevitability of…
We address the properties of extremal black holes by considering the Christodoulou-Ruffini/Hawking mass-energy formula. By simple geometrical arguments, we found that the mass/energy formula is satisfied by two meaningful extremal black…
We proposed a gravitational energy momentum tensor in previous paper. By using it, we evaluate an electric and a gravitational energies in and out of an event horizon of a charged black hole. There is no gravitational energy in the event…
An exact energy expression for a physical black hole is derived by considering the escape of a photon from the black hole. The mass of the black hole within its horizon is found to be twice its mass as observed at infinity. This result is…
In the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity the energy density of asymptotically flat gravitational fields can be naturaly defined as a scalar density restricted to a three-dimensional spacelike hypersurface $\Sigma$. Integration…
It is argued that the nonintegrably singular energy density of the electron's electromagnetic field (in both the classical point-charge model and quantum electrodynamics) must entail very strong self-gravitational effects, which, via black…
A modified version of the Reissner-Nordstrom metric is proposed on the grounds of the nonlinear electrodynamics model. The source of curvature is an anisotropic fluid with $p_{r} = -\rho$ which resembles the Maxwell stress tensor at $r >>…
The equilibrium configurations between a Schwarzschild black hole and a hyperextreme Kerr object are shown to be described by a three-parameter subfamily of the extended double-Kerr solution. For this subfamily, its Ernst potential and…
Two particle collisions close to the horizon of the rotating nonextremal Kerr's and Schwarzschild black holes are analyzed. For the case of multiple collisions it is shown that high energy in the centre of mass frame occurs due to a great…
It is shown that the axial and polar perturbations of the spherically symmetric black hole can be described in a gauge-invariant way. The reduced phase space describing gravitational waves outside of the horizon is described by the…
The mass--energy formula of black holes implies that up to 50% of the energy can be extracted from a static black hole. Such a result is reexamined using the recently established analytic formulas for the collapse of a shell and expression…
We consider gedanken experiments to destroy Kerr black holes by means of absorbing matter with sufficient energy and angular momentum. It is shown that extremal and near-extremal Kerr black holes cannot be destroyed in a process that…