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The Brazilian National Assessment of Secondary Education (ENEM, Exame Nacional do Ensino M\'edio) has changed in 2009: from a self-assessment of competences at the end of high school to an assessment that allows access to college and…
The results of the National High School Examination (ENEM) are an important tool for a diagnosis of educational deficiencies at the end of a training cycle. This exam is a relevant source of data for the evaluation of what is learned by…
The scores obtained by students that have performed the ENEM exam, the Brazilian High School National Examination used to admit students at the Brazilian universities, is analyzed. The average high school's scores are compared between…
The Exame Nacional do Ensino M\'edio (ENEM) is a pivotal test for Brazilian students, required for admission to a significant number of universities in Brazil. The test consists of four objective high-school level tests on Math, Humanities,…
As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed to generate educational content, a critical safety question arises: can these models reliably estimate the difficulty of the questions they produce? Using Brazil's high-stakes ENEM…
Language models are increasingly used in Brazil, but most evaluation remains English-centric. This paper presents Alvorada-Bench, a 4,515-question, text-only benchmark drawn from five Brazilian university entrance examinations. Evaluating…
We present the second part of a series of papers proposing a novel teaching sequence for Particle Physics in high school. The topic of the present work is Nuclear Physics. The goal of the sequence is to approach the subject in a way as to…
We studied the statistical distribution of student's performance, which is measured through their marks, in university entrance examination (Vestibular) of UNESP (Universidade Estadual Paulista) with respect to (i) period of study - day vs.…
Performance in introductory courses, particularly physics, is often crucial for student success in STEM majors and can impact an individual's tendency to persist in their chosen field. To enhance students' individual learning experiences,…
This paper reports results of an investigation about the level of knowledge among undergraduate computer science students in Brazil regarding the topic of simulation. Amid rapid technological evolution, simulation emerges as a crucial…
The Brazilian Mathematical Olympiads for Public Schools (OBMEP) is held every year since 2005. In the 2013 edition there were over 47,000 schools registered involving nearly 19.2 million students. The Brazilian public educational system is…
In the Italian education system, secondary students (ages 14-19) are confronted with the foundations of quantum physics during the final term of scientific high school (pre-university year). The Italian Ministry of Education, University and…
Cognitive endurance -- the ability to sustain performance on a cognitively-demanding task over time -- is thought to be a crucial productivity determinant. However, a lack of data on this variable has limited researchers' ability to…
We examine more than a decade of quota policy at Unesp, analyzing Physics, Biology, and Pedagogy as representative programs of distinct assessment styles. Quotas show little impact in Physics, where the admission barrier is low, and in…
Recruiting and retaining highly qualified physics and physical science teachers is critical for maintaining America's global competitiveness. Unfortunately, only one third of the high school teachers in physics have a degree in physics and…
Essays are considered a valuable mechanism for evaluating learning outcomes in writing. Textual cohesion is an essential characteristic of a text, as it facilitates the establishment of meaning between its parts. Automatically scoring…
This is the first paper of a series aiming to present a new teaching sequence for Particle Physics in high school. We propose a systematic discussion of the subject, covering not only the understanding of its key concepts, but also of the…
Automatic Essay Scoring (AES) is defined as the computer technology that evaluates and scores the written essays, aiming to provide computational models to grade essays either automatically or with minimal human involvement. While there are…
In a recent study [Rev. Bras. Ens. F\'is. vol. 45, 2023], the absence of the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning (CTML) in the curricula of Physics teacher education programs at Brazilian public universities was highlighted. Considering…
The purpose of this article is to contextualise the current situation of gender inequality in the Brazilian society and, in particular, in science, and to show actions that try to minimise this situation and support girls who want to become…