相关论文: Sample Size for Pilot Studies and Precision Driven…

We investigate saddlepoint approximations applied to the score test statistic in genome-wide association studies with binary phenotypes. The inaccuracy in the normal approximation of the score test statistic increases with increasing sample…

We have carried out car-following experiments with a 25-car-platoon on an open road section to study the relation between a car's speed and its spacing under various traffic conditions, in the hope to resolve a controversy surrounding this…

In systematic reviews and meta-analysis, researchers often pool the results of the sample mean and standard deviation from a set of similar clinical trials. A number of the trials, however, reported the study using the median, the minimum…

A new approach to adaptive design of clinical trials is proposed in a general multiparameter exponential family setting, based on generalized likelihood ratio statistics and optimal sequential testing theory. These designs are easy to…

A prey animal surveying its environment must decide whether there is a dangerous predator present or not. If there is, it may flee. Flight has an associated cost, so the animal should not flee if there is no danger. However, the prey animal…

Numerical predictions of quantities of interest measured within physical systems rely on the use of mathematical models that should be validated, or at best, not invalidated. Model validation usually involves the comparison of experimental…

System modeling is a classical approach to ensure their reliability since it is suitable both for a formal verification and for software testing techniques. In the context of model-based testing an approach combining random testing and…

Background: Adaptive interventions provide a guide for using ongoing information about individuals to decide whether and how to modify the type, amount, delivery modality, or timing of treatment, to improve intervention effectiveness while…

The paper illustrates an application of the Resampling approach [2] for the estimation of the aircraft circulation plan reliability. Resampling is an intensive computer statistical method, which can be used effectively in the case of small…

Models often need to be constrained to a certain size for them to be considered interpretable. For example, a decision tree of depth 5 is much easier to understand than one of depth 50. Limiting model size, however, often reduces accuracy.…

Importance sampling is used to approximate Bayes' rule in many computational approaches to Bayesian inverse problems, data assimilation and machine learning. This paper reviews and further investigates the required sample size for…

When autonomous robots interact with humans, such as during autonomous driving, explicit safety guarantees are crucial in order to avoid potentially life-threatening accidents. Many data-driven methods have explored learning probabilistic…

Consider the random Dirichlet partition of the interval into $n$ fragments with parameter $\theta >0$. We recall the unordered Ewens sampling formulae from finite Dirichlet partitions. As this is a key variable for estimation purposes,…

At every phase of scientific research, scientists must decide how to allocate limited resources to pursue the research inquiries with the greatest potential. This prioritization dictates which controlled interventions are studied, awarded…

Many automated system analysis techniques (e.g., model checking, model-based testing) rely on first obtaining a model of the system under analysis. System modeling is often done manually, which is often considered as a hindrance to adopt…

This paper investigates the theoretical foundation and develops analytical formulas for sample size and power calculations for causal inference with observational data. By analyzing the variance of an inverse probability weighting estimator…

Sample size determination is crucial in experimental design, especially in traffic and transport research. Frequentist statistics require a fixed sample size determined by power analysis, which cannot be adjusted once the experiment starts.…

Almost every software system provides configuration options to tailor the system to the target platform and application scenario. Often, this configurability renders the analysis of every individual system configuration infeasible. To…

Phylodynamics seeks to estimate effective population size fluctuations from molecular sequences of individuals sampled from a population of interest. One way to accomplish this task formulates an observed sequence data likelihood exploiting…

Vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft do not require a prolonged runway, thus allowing them to land almost anywhere. In recent years, their flexibility has made them popular in development, research, and operation. When compared to…