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We propose CRaWl, a novel neural network architecture for graph learning. Like graph neural networks, CRaWl layers update node features on a graph and thus can freely be combined or interleaved with GNN layers. Yet CRaWl operates…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-22 Jan Tönshoff , Martin Ritzert , Hinrikus Wolf , Martin Grohe

The Colour Refinement procedure and its generalisation to higher dimensions, the Weisfeiler-Leman algorithm, are central subroutines in approaches to the graph isomorphism problem. In an iterative fashion, Colour Refinement computes a…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2020-05-21 Sandra Kiefer , Brendan D. McKay

The structural properties of graphs are usually characterized in terms of invariants, which are functions of graphs that do not depend on the labeling of the nodes. In this paper we study convex graph invariants, which are graph invariants…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2012-09-21 Venkat Chandrasekaran , Pablo A. Parrilo , Alan S. Willsky

Wang and Lih in 2002 conjectured that every planar graph without adjacent triangles is 4-choosable. In this paper, we prove that every planar graph without any 4-cycle adjacent to two triangles is DP-4-colorable, which improves the results…

组合数学 · 数学 2018-04-25 Runrun Liu , Xiangwen Li

Let $G$ be a graph, and let $\lambda(G)$ denote the smallest eigenvalue of $G$. First, we provide an upper bound for $\lambda(G)$ based on induced bipartite subgraphs of $G$. Consequently, we extract two other upper bounds, one relying on…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-04-16 Aryan Esmailpour , Sara Saeedi Madani , Dariush Kiani

The Hamiltonian cycle polynomial can be evaluated to count the number of Hamiltonian cycles in a graph. It can also be viewed as a list of all spanning cycles of length $n$. We adopt the latter perspective and present a pair of original…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-10-06 Hamilton Sawczuk , Edinah Gnang

Clique-width is a well-studied graph parameter. For graphs of bounded clique-width, many problems that are NP-hard in general can be polynomial-time solvable. The fact motivates several studies to investigate whether the clique-width of…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2022-02-01 Yu Nakahata

The majority of popular graph kernels is based on the concept of Haussler's $\mathcal{R}$-convolution kernel and defines graph similarities in terms of mutual substructures. In this work, we enrich these similarity measures by considering…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-25 Till Hendrik Schulz , Pascal Welke , Stefan Wrobel

A walk $W$ in edge-colored graphs is called properly colored (PC) if every pair of consecutive edges in $W$ is of different color. We introduce and study five types of PC acyclicity in edge-colored graphs such that graphs of PC acyclicity…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2016-09-13 Gregory Gutin , Mark Jones , Bin Sheng , Magnus Wahlstrom , Anders Yeo

A proper vertex coloring of a graph is a mapping of its vertices on a set of colors, such that two adjacent vertices are not mapped to the same color. This constraint may be interpreted in terms of the distance between to vertices and so a…

组合数学 · 数学 2017-11-10 Sebastian Wiederrecht

This paper serves as the first extension of the topic of dominator colorings of graphs to the setting of digraphs. We establish the dominator chromatic number over all possible orientations of paths and cycles. In this endeavor we discover…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-02-21 Michael Cary

Message passing graph neural networks are widely used for learning on graphs, yet their expressive power is limited by the one-dimensional Weisfeiler-Lehman test and can fail to distinguish structurally different nodes. We provide rigorous…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Zimo Yan , Zheng Xie , Chang Liu , Yuan Wang

Finding spanning structures with many distinct colours in properly edge-coloured graphs is a central theme in extremal combinatorics. A classical result of Andersen shows that every proper edge-colouring of the complete graph $K_n$ contains…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-03-02 Xinbu Cheng , Xinqi Huang , Hong Liu , Bin Wang , Zhifei Yan

We study the connections between link invariants, the chromatic polynomial, geometric representations of models of statistical mechanics, and their common underlying algebraic structure. We establish a relation between several algebras and…

组合数学 · 数学 2010-09-15 Paul Fendley , Vyacheslav Krushkal

For a graph G, let h(G) denote the largest k such that G has k pairwise disjoint pairwise adjacent connected nonempty subgraphs, and let s(G) denote the largest k such that G has k pairwise disjoint pairwise adjacent connected subgraphs of…

组合数学 · 数学 2015-08-07 Matthias Kriesell

The expressive power of message passing GNNs is upper-bounded by Weisfeiler-Lehman (WL) test. To achieve high expressive GNNs beyond WL test, we propose a novel graph isomorphism test method, namely Twin-WL, which simultaneously passes node…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-23 Zhaohui Wang , Qi Cao , Huawei Shen , Bingbing Xu , Xueqi Cheng

We study the statistics of Hamiltonian cycles on various families of bicolored random planar maps (with the spherical topology). These families fall into two groups corresponding to two distinct universality classes with respective central…

数学物理 · 物理学 2023-12-15 Bertrand Duplantier , Olivier Golinelli , Emmanuel Guitter

A graph $H$ is \emph{common} if the number of monochromatic copies of $H$ in a 2-edge-colouring of the complete graph $K_n$ is asymptotically minimised by the random colouring, or equivalently, $t_H(W)+t_H(1-W)\geq 2^{1-e(H)}$ holds for…

组合数学 · 数学 2022-10-04 Jang Soo Kim , Joonkyung Lee

Most state-of-the-art graph kernels only take local graph properties into account, i.e., the kernel is computed with regard to properties of the neighborhood of vertices or other small substructures. On the other hand, kernels that do take…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-09-25 Christopher Morris , Kristian Kersting , Petra Mutzel

The $c_2$ invariants in all 4 different representations of the Feynman period (parametric and dual parametric representations, position and momentum spaces) coincide for all log-divergent graphs that satisfy the combinatorial condition…

代数几何 · 数学 2015-10-14 Dmitry Doryn