相关论文: Energy from food

Due to inter-subunit communication, multisubunit enzymes usually hydrolyze ATP in a concerted fashion. However, so far the principle of this process remains poorly understood. In this study, from the viewpoint of statistical thermodynamics,…

The process of hydrogen desorption from graphane (graphene sheet saturated by hydrogen adsorbed from both sides) has been studied using the method of molecular dynamics. The temperature dependences of the time of desorption onset for…

Amyloid fibers are aggregates of proteins. They are built out of a peptide called $\beta$--amyloid (A$\beta$) containing between 41 and 43 residues, produced by the action of an enzyme which cleaves a much larger protein known as the…

We discuss the role of the internal forces and how their work changes the energy of a system. We illustrate the contribution of the internal work to the variation of the system's energy, using a pure mechanical example, a thermodynamical…

Active sensing is traditionally defined as the expenditure of energy, typically in the form of movement, for obtaining information. Here, we propose that the combination of reliance on adaptive sensors, the linkage between movement and…

The energetics and efficiency of a linear molecular motor model proposed by Mogilner et al. (Phys. Lett. 237, 297 (1998)) is analyzed from an analytical point of view. The model which is based on protein friction with a track is described…

The dissipation of energy in dynamic force microscopy is usually described in terms of an adhesion hysteresis mechanism. This mechanism should become less efficient with increasing temperature. To verify this prediction we have measured…

A new scenario of thermalization process of the adsorbate attached at solid surfaces is proposed. The scenario is based on existence of electric dipole layer in which the electron wavefunctions extend over the positive ions. Thus the strong…

A quintessential source of heat, the Sun radiates toward the Earth a power ten thousand times greater than humanity's energy needs. Harnessing this energy bounty, however, requires capturing and converting sunlight. Today, this conversion…

We develop a phenomenological theory of pulse induced phase transformations behind the SET (from high to low resistive state) and RESET (backward) processes in nonvolatile memory. We show that in modern era devices, both evolve in the…

If high temperature cuprate superconductivity is due to electronic correlations, then the energy difference between the normal and superconducting states can be expressed in terms of the occupied part of the single particle spectral…

Autophagy is a conserved biological stress response in mammalian cells that is responsible for clearing damaged proteins and organelles from the cytoplasm and recycling their contents via the lysosomal pathway. In cases of mild stress,…

The pump process of the ratchet model inspired by the $F_o$ rotatory motor of ATP synthase is investigated. In this model there are two kinds of characteristic time. One is dynamical, the relaxation time of the system. Others are chemical,…

It is shown that adsorption energy at semiconductor surfaces critically depends on the charge transfer to or from the adsorbed species. For the processes without the charge transfer, such as molecular adsorption of closed shell systems, the…

The efficiency at maximum power (EMP) for tight-coupling molecular motors is investigated within the framework of irreversible thermodynamics. It is found that the EMP depends merely on the constitutive relation between the thermodynamic…

The metabolic processes complexity is at the heart of energy conversion in living organisms and forms a huge obstacle to develop tractable thermodynamic metabolism models. By raising our analysis to a higher level of abstraction, we develop…

Due to the growing concern of chronic diseases and other health problems related to diet, there is a need to develop accurate methods to estimate an individual's food and energy intake. Measuring accurate dietary intake is an open research…

We extend to materials with fading memory and materials with internal variables a result previously established by one of us for materials with instantaneous memory: the additive decomposability of the total energy into an internal and a…

The cellular energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a metabolic regulator that mediates adaptation to nutritional variations in order to maintain a proper energy balance in cells. We show here that suckling-weaning and…

Inspired by the recent development on calculating the free energy change via a relaxation process [Nat. Phys. 14, 842 (2018)], we investigate the role of heat released in an irreversible relaxation following a large perturbation. Utilizing…