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We present new results on approximate colourings of graphs and, more generally, approximate H-colourings and promise constraint satisfaction problems. First, we show NP-hardness of colouring $k$-colourable graphs with $\binom{k}{\lfloor…

计算复杂性 · 计算机科学 2022-07-05 Marcin Wrochna , Stanislav Živný

Many variations of the classical graph coloring model have been intensively studied due to their multiple applications; scheduling problems and aircraft assignments, for instance, motivate the robust coloring problem. This model gets to…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2023-05-17 Delia Garijo , Alberto Márquez , Rafael Robles

As the class $\mathcal T_4$ of graphs of twin-width at most 4 contains every finite subgraph of the infinite grid and every graph obtained by subdividing each edge of an $n$-vertex graph at least $2 \log n$ times, most NP-hard graph…

计算复杂性 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Édouard Bonnet

Let $P_t$ and $C_\ell$ denote a path on $t$ vertices and a cycle on $\ell$ vertices, respectively. In this paper we study the $k$-coloring problem for $(P_t,C_\ell)$-free graphs. Maffray and Morel, and Bruce, Hoang and Sawada, have proved…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2013-10-02 Pavol Hell , Shenwei Huang

In the Colored Clustering problem, one is asked to cluster edge-colored (hyper-)graphs whose colors represent interaction types. More specifically, the goal is to select as many edges as possible without choosing two edges that share an…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2023-02-02 Leon Kellerhals , Tomohiro Koana , Pascal Kunz , Rolf Niedermeier

In the multicoloring problem, also known as ($a$:$b$)-coloring or $b$-fold coloring, we are given a graph G and a set of $a$ colors, and the task is to assign a subset of $b$ colors to each vertex of G so that adjacent vertices receive…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2017-02-20 Marthe Bonamy , Łukasz Kowalik , Michał Pilipczuk , Arkadiusz Socała , Marcin Wrochna

In 1994, Thomassen proved that every planar graph is 5-list-colorable. In 1995, Thomassen proved that every planar graph of girth at least five is 3-list-colorable. His proofs naturally lead to quadratic-time algorithms to find such…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-11-07 Luke Postle

We consider the problem of $q$-colouring a $k$-uniform random hypergraph, where $q,k \geq 3$, and determine the rigidity threshold. For edge densities above the rigidity threshold, we show that almost all solutions have a linear number of…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-06-12 Peter Ayre , Catherine Greenhill

The $k$-Colouring problem is to decide if the vertices of a graph can be coloured with at most $k$ colours for a fixed integer $k$ such that no two adjacent vertices are coloured alike. If each vertex u must be assigned a colour from a…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2026-02-19 Tereza Klimošová , Josef Malík , Tomáš Masařík , Jana Novotná , Daniël Paulusma , Veronika Slívová

A $k$-coloring of a tournament is a partition of its vertices into $k$ acyclic sets. Deciding if a tournament is 2-colorable is NP-hard. A natural problem, akin to that of coloring a 3-colorable graph with few colors, is to color a…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2024-11-25 Felix Klingelhoefer , Alantha Newman

A k-role coloring of a graph G is an assignment of k colors to the vertices of G such that if any two vertices are assigned the same color, then their neighborhood are assigned the same set of colors. By definition, every graph on n…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2022-08-25 Sukanya Pandey , Vibha Sahlot

We settle a problem of Havel by showing that there exists an absolute constant d such that if G is a planar graph in which every two distinct triangles are at distance at least d, then G is 3-colorable. In fact, we prove a more general…

组合数学 · 数学 2020-04-16 Zdenek Dvorak , Daniel Kral , Robin Thomas

We present a randomized algorithm that takes as input an undirected $n$-vertex graph $G$ with maximum degree $\Delta$ and an integer $k > 3\Delta$, and returns a random proper $k$-coloring of $G$. The distribution of the coloring is…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2020-05-22 Siddharth Bhandari , Sayantan Chakraborty

We consider the problem of inferring a matching hidden in a weighted random $k$-hypergraph. We assume that the hyperedges' weights are random and distributed according to two different densities conditioning on the fact that they belong to…

无序系统与神经网络 · 物理学 2022-11-11 Urte Adomaityte , Anshul Toshniwal , Gabriele Sicuro , Lenka Zdeborová

The 3-coloring of hereditary graph classes has been a deeply-researched problem in the last decade. A hereditary graph class is characterized by a (possibly infinite) list of minimal forbidden induced subgraphs $H_1,H_2,\ldots$; the graphs…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2024-01-12 Vít Jelínek , Tereza Klimošová , Tomáš Masařík , Jana Novotná , Aneta Pokorná

The Colouring problem asks whether the vertices of a graph can be coloured with at most $k$ colours for a given integer $k$ in such a way that no two adjacent vertices receive the same colour. A graph is $(H_1,H_2)$-free if it has no…

计算复杂性 · 计算机科学 2017-12-08 Konrad Dabrowski , Daniel Paulusma

The $3$-colourability problem is a well-known NP-complete problem and it remains NP-complete for $bull$-free graphs, where $bull$ is the graph consisting of $K_3$ with two pendant edges attached to two of its vertices. In this paper we…

组合数学 · 数学 2024-04-22 Nadzieja Hodur , Monika Pilśniak , Magdalena Prorok , Ingo Schiermeyer

We introduce a new notion of resilience for constraint satisfaction problems, with the goal of more precisely determining the boundary between NP-hardness and the existence of efficient algorithms for resilient instances. In particular, we…

计算复杂性 · 计算机科学 2014-06-13 Jeremy Kun , Lev Reyzin

In this paper, an algorithm for determining 3-colorability, i.e. the decision problem (YES/NO), in planar graphs is presented. The algorithm, although not exact (it could produce false positives) has two very important features: (i) it has…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2011-02-01 Jose Antonio Martin H

The $H$-Coloring problem is a well-known generalization of the classical NP-complete problem $k$-Coloring where the task is to determine whether an input graph admits a homomorphism to the template graph $H$. This problem has been the…

计算复杂性 · 计算机科学 2025-09-08 Ambroise Baril , Miguel Couceiro , Victor Lagerkvist