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We define a generalization of virtual links to arbitrary dimensions by extending the geometric definition due to Carter et al. We show that many homotopy type invariants for classical links extend to invariants of virtual links. We also…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2014-07-03 Blake Winter

We use planar 4-valent graphs and a graphical calculus involving such graphs to construct an invariant for balanced-oriented, knotted 4-valent graphs. Our invariant is an extension of the $sl(n)$ polynomial for classical knots and links. We…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2026-02-03 Carmen Caprau , Victoria Wiest

We observe that any knot invariant extends to virtual knots. The isotopy classification problem for virtual knots is reduced to an algebraic problem formulated in terms of an algebra of arrow diagrams. We introduce a new notion of finite…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2007-05-23 M. Goussarov , M. Polyak , O. Viro

We extend Bar-Natan's cobordism based categorification of the Jones polynomial to virtual links. Our topological complex allows a direct extension of the classical Khovanov complex ($h=t=0$), the variant of Lee ($h=0,t=1$) and other…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2016-02-02 Daniel Tubbenhauer

We establish a system of PDE, called open WDVV, that constrains the bulk-deformed superpotential and associated open Gromov-Witten invariants of a Lagrangian submanifold $L \subset X$ with a bounding chain. Simultaneously, we define the…

辛几何 · 数学 2023-06-21 Jake P. Solomon , Sara B. Tukachinsky

In the prequel of this paper, Kauffman and Ogasa introduced new topological quantum invariants of compact oriented 3-manifolds with boundary where the boundary is a disjoint union of two identical surfaces. The invariants are constructed…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2022-03-25 Heather A. Dye , Louis H. Kauffman , Eiji Ogasa

For a virtual knot $K$ and an integer $r$ with $r\geq2$, we introduce a method of constructing an $r$-component virtual link $L(K;r)$, which we call the $r$-multiplexing of $K$. Every invariant of $L(K;r)$ is an invariant of $K$. We give a…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2023-12-04 Kodai Wada

A perturbative expansion of knot invariants is derived using quantum cluster algebras. By interpreting the $R$-matrix of $U_q(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ as a cluster transformation and introducing an auxiliary parameter $\epsilon$, we derive a…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2026-05-21 Boudewijn Bosch

We construct an infinite commutative lattice of groups whose dual spaces give Kauffman finite-type invariants of long virtual knots. The lattice is based "horizontally" upon the Polyak algebra and extended "vertically" using Manturov's…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2013-04-01 Micah W. Chrisman

We define new notions of groups of virtual and welded knots (or links) and we study their relations with other invariants, in particular the Kauffman group of a virtual knot.

几何拓扑 · 数学 2012-04-17 Valeriy G. Bardakov , Paolo Bellingeri

We define an invariant of welded virtual knots from each finite crossed module by considering crossed module invariants of ribbon knotted surfaces which are naturally associated with them. We elucidate that the invariants obtained are non…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2017-05-23 Louis H. Kauffman , João Faria Martins

We introduce new topological quantum invariants of compact oriented 3-manifolds with boundary where the boundary is a disjoint union of two identical surfaces. The invariants are constructed via surgery on manifolds of the form $F \times I$…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2023-04-25 Louis H. Kauffman , Eiji Ogasa

In this paper, we use skein-theoretic techniques to classify all virtual knot polynomials and trivalent graph invariants with certain smallness conditions. The first half of the paper classifies all virtual knot polynomials giving…

量子代数 · 数学 2020-08-11 Joshua R. Edge

We introduce quiver representation-valued invariants of oriented virtual knots and links associated to a choice of finite virtual biquandle, abelian group, set of virtual Boltzmann weights, commutative unital ring and set of virtual…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2025-11-18 Alexander Bishop , Jose Ceniceros , Sam Nelson

We use techniques from Gromov-Witten theory to construct new invariants of matroids taking value in the Chow groups of spaces of rational curves in the permutohedral toric variety. When the matroid is realizable by a complex hyperplane…

代数几何 · 数学 2022-05-03 Dhruv Ranganathan , Jeremy Usatine

We construct knot invariants categorifying the quantum knot variants for all representations of quantum groups. We show that these invariants coincide with previous invariants defined by Khovanov for sl(2) and sl(3) and by…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2013-05-06 Ben Webster

A polynomial invariant of virtual links, arising from an invariant of links in thickened surfaces introduced by Jaeger, Kauffman, and Saleur, is defined and its properties are investigated. Examples are given that the invariant can detect…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2007-05-23 J. Sawollek

We introduce a theory of virtual Legendrian knots. A virtual Legendrian knot is a cooriented wavefront on an oriented surface up to Legendrian isotopy of its lift to the unit cotangent bundle and stabilization and destablization of the…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2016-01-20 Patricia Cahn , Asa Levi

Two categorifications are given for the arrow polynomial, an extension of the Kauffman bracket polynomial for virtual knots. The arrow polynomial extends the bracket polynomial to infinitely many variables, each variable corresponding to an…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2010-05-07 Heather Ann Dye , Louis Hirsch Kauffman , Vassily Olegovich Manturov

By generalizing the Kuperberg sl(3) bracket, we construct a graph-valued analogue of the Homflypt sl(3) invariant for virtual knots. The restriction of this invariant for classical knots coincides with the usual Homflypt sl(3) invariant,…

几何拓扑 · 数学 2014-06-30 Louis Hirsch Kauffman , Vassily Olegovich Manturov