相关论文: Examining socioeconomic health disparities using a…

We propose a new model for comprehensively monitoring the health status of individuals by calculating a personal health index. The central framework of the model is the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health…

The Robust Effect Size Index (RESI) is a recently proposed standardized effect size to quantify association strength across models. However, its confidence interval construction has relied on computationally intensive bootstrap procedures.…

Entropy is a measure of self-information which is used to quantify losses. Entropy was developed in thermodynamics, but is also used to compare probabilities based on their deviating information content. Corresponding model uncertainty is…

The Gini index is a number that attempts to measure how equitably a resource is distributed throughout a population, and is commonly used in economics as a measurement of inequality of wealth or income. The Gini index is often defined as…

Medical errors are a major public health concern and a leading cause of death worldwide. Many healthcare centers and hospitals use reporting systems where medical practitioners write a preliminary medical report and the report is later…

Numerous entropy-type characteristics (functionals) generalizing R\'enyi entropy are widely used in mathematical statistics, physics, information theory, and signal processing for characterizing uncertainty in probability distributions and…

Estimating the prevalence of a medical condition, or the proportion of the population in which it occurs, is a fundamental problem in healthcare and public health. Accurate estimates of the relative prevalence across groups -- capturing,…

For the comparison of inequality and welfare in multiple attributes the use of generalized Gini indices is proposed. Individual endowment vectors are summarized by using attribute weights and aggregated in a spectral social evaluation…

In the face of socioeconomic challenges, this paper develops and empirically demonstrates the Gondauri Index (GI) as a reproducible diagnostics-first composite framework for benchmarking macro-financial resilience across heterogeneous…

Monitoring health resource disparities during public health crises is critical, yet traditional methods, like surveys, lack the requisite speed and spatial granularity. This study introduces a novel framework that leverages: 1) crowdsourced…

There are concerns about the fairness of clinical prediction models. 'Fair' models are defined as those for which their performance or predictions are not inappropriately influenced by protected attributes such as ethnicity, gender, or…

Due to its ability to summarise 'real-time' epidemic behaviour, the time-dependent reproduction number, Rt, is a useful metric for tracking pathogen transmission and quantifying the effects of interventions during infectious disease…

Causal or unconfounded descriptive comparisons between multiple groups are common in observational studies. Motivated from a racial disparity study in health services research, we propose a unified propensity score weighting framework, the…

Background: Clinical trials rely on transparent inclusion criteria to ensure generalizability. In contrast, benchmarks validating health-related large language models (LLMs) rarely characterize the "patient" or "query" populations they…

Attendance rate is an important indicator of students' study motivation, behavior and Psychological status; However, the heterogeneous nature of student attendance rates due to the course registration difference or the online/offline…

The time-dependent reproduction number Rt can be used to track pathogen transmission and to assess the efficacy of interventions. This quantity can be estimated by fitting renewal equation models to time series of infectious disease case…

Fairness in ranking models is crucial, as disparities in exposure can disproportionately affect protected groups. Most fairness-aware ranking systems focus on ensuring comparable average exposure for groups across the entire ranked list,…

To manage the problem of having a higher demand for resources than availability of funds, research funding agencies usually rank the major research groups in their area of knowledge. This ranking relies on a careful analysis of the research…

Many statistical experiments involve comparing multiple population groups. For example, a public opinion poll may ask which of several political candidates commands the most support; a social scientific survey may report the most common of…

The R\'enyi entropy is a generalization of the Shannon entropy and is widely used in mathematical statistics and applied sciences for quantifying the uncertainty in a probability distribution. We consider estimation of the quadratic R\'enyi…