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Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is commonly used in the clinical setting to non-invasively monitor the body. There exists a large variability in MR imaging due to differences in scanner hardware, software, and protocol design. Ideally, a…

The problem of detecting buried unexploded ordnance (UXO) is addressed with a sensor deployed from a shallow-draft surface vessel. This sonar system produces three dimensional synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) imagery of both surficial and…

Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) is the workhorse experimental technique for probing the structural degradation of higher-capacity cathode materials. However, the interpretation of experimental spectra is challenging due to the…

To make full use of photocathode material and improve its quantum efficiency lifetime, it can be necessary to operate laser away from the cathode center in photoinjectors. In RF guns, the off-axis emitted beam will see a time-dependent RF…

Rigorous testing of autonomous robots, such as self-driving vehicles, is essential to ensure their safety in real-world deployments. This requires building high-fidelity simulators to test scenarios beyond those that can be safely or…

Gildings, patinas and alteration crusts are common features of many heritage artefacts, especially for metals. Their size depends on many factors, like the manufacturing method for gildings or the conservation state for alteration crusts:…

Anatomical segmentation of organs in ultrasound images is essential to many clinical applications, particularly for diagnosis and monitoring. Existing deep neural networks require a large amount of labeled data for training in order to…

We consider imaging of fast moving small objects in space, such as low earth orbit satellites, which are also rotating around a fixed axis. The imaging system consists of ground based, asynchronous sources of radiation and several passive…

The surgical operating room (OR) presents many opportunities for automation and optimization. Videos from various sources in the OR are becoming increasingly available. The medical community seeks to leverage this wealth of data to develop…

Magnesium aluminate scandium oxide (ScAlMgO4) is a promising lattice-matched substrate material for GaN- and ZnO-based optoelectronic devices. Yet, despite its clear advantages over substrates commonly used in heteroepitaxial growth,…

The precise reconstruction of Compton-scatter events is paramount for an imaging medium-energy gamma-ray telescope. The proposed AMEGO-X is enabled by a silicon tracker utilizing AstroPix chips - a pixelated silicon HVCMOS sensor novel for…

X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is an explicit probe of the unoccupied electronic structure of materials and an invaluable tool for fingerprinting various electronic properties and phenomena. Computational methods capable of simulating…

The \emph{muX} project is conducting a series of muonic X-ray measurements in medium- and high-Z nuclei at PSI, utilizing a high-purity germanium detector array, in-beam muon detectors, and a modern digital data-acquisition system. A novel…

The Soft X-ray Imager (SXI) is an imaging spectrometer using charge-coupled devices (CCDs) aboard the Hitomi X-ray observatory. The SXI sensor has four CCDs with an imaging area size of $31~{\rm mm} \times 31~{\rm mm}$ arranged in a $2…

Resonant soft X-ray scattering (RSXS) is a powerful technique for probing both spatial and electronic structures within solid-state systems. We present a newly developed RSXS capability at beamline 13-3 of the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation…

To enhance the reflectivity of X-ray mirrors beyond the critical angle, multilayer coatings are required. Interface imperfections in the multilayer growth process are known to cause non-specular scattering and degrade the mirror optical…

X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is a well-established method for in-depth characterization of the electronic structure due to its sensitivity to the local coordination and electronic states of the active ions. In practice hundreds of…

We describe the application of the locally-self-consistent-multiple-scattering (LSMS)[1] method to amorphous alloys. The LSMS algorithm is optimized for the Intel XP/S-150, a multiple-instruction-multiple-data parallel computer with 1024…

Computer simulations with Synopsys' Sentaurus TCAD are used to study the effect of the molar concentration of aluminum in the active and waveguide regions on the energy spectrum of carriers in Quantum Well (QW) and the optical spectral…

A major strength of iterative algorithms used in positron emission tomography (PET) lies in their abilities to introduce precise models of the physics at play, which includes the statistical nature of the detection processes, and a detailed…