相关论文: Arbitrage hedging strategy and one more explanatio…
Real life hedging in the Black-Scholes model must be imperfect and if the stock's drift is higher than the risk free rate, leads to a profit on average. Hence the option price is examined as a fair game agreement between the parties, based…
There is a well developed framework, the Black-Scholes theory, for the pricing of contracts based on the future prices of certain assets, called options. This theory assumes that the probability distribution of the returns of the underlying…
Black-Scholes implied volatility is a quantile. The insight follows from the normalized option price being a probability on the variance scale, with the inverse Gaussian distribution providing the link. It enables analytically exact and…
Options are contingent claims regarding the value of underlying assets. The Black-Scholes formula provides a road map for pricing these options in a risk-neutral setting, justified by a delta hedging argument in which countervailing…
In this study we prove the existence of statistical arbitrage opportunities in the Black-Scholes framework by considering trading strategies that consists of borrowing from the risk free rate and taking a long position in the stock until it…
We consider a generic market model with a single stock and with random volatility. We assume that there is a number of tradable options for that stock with different strike prices. The paper states the problem of finding a pricing rule that…
The Black-Scholes option pricing model remains a cornerstone in financial mathematics, yet its application is often challenged by the need for accurate hedging strategies, especially in dynamic market environments. This paper presents a…
We examine the possibility of incorporating information or views of market movements during the holding period of a portfolio, in the hedging of European options with respect to the underlying. Given a fixed holding period interval, we…
In this note, Black--Scholes implied volatility is expressed in terms of various optimisation problems. From these representations, upper and lower bounds are derived which hold uniformly across moneyness and call price. Various symmetries…
There is vast empirical evidence that given a set of assumptions on the real-world dynamics of an asset, the European options on this asset are not efficiently priced in options markets, giving rise to arbitrage opportunities. We study…
Option pricing is an integral part of modern financial risk management. The well-known Black and Scholes (1973) formula is commonly used for this purpose. This paper is an attempt to extend their work to a situation in which the…
Option prices encode the market's collective outlook through implied density and implied volatility. An explicit link between implied density and implied volatility translates the risk-neutrality of the former into conditions on the latter…
In the Black-Scholes model, the absence of arbitrages imposes necessary constraints on the slope of the implied variance in terms of log-moneyness, asymptotically for large log-moneyness. The constraints are used for example in the SVI…
The purpose of this work is to explore the role that random arbitrage opportunities play in pricing financial derivatives. We use a non-equilibrium model to set up a stochastic portfolio, and for the random arbitrage return, we choose a…
The usual theory of asset pricing in finance assumes that the financial strategies, i.e. the quantity of risky assets to invest, are real-valued so that they are not integer-valued in general, see the Black and Scholes model for instance.…
We study specific nonlinear transformations of the Black-Scholes implied volatility to show remarkable properties of the volatility surface. Model-free bounds on the implied volatility skew are given. Pricing formulas for the European…
Black-Scholes (BS) is the standard mathematical model for option pricing in financial markets. Option prices are calculated using an analytical formula whose main inputs are strike (at which price to exercise) and volatility. The BS…
We consider a portfolio with call option and the corresponding underlying asset under the standard assumption that stock-market price represents a random variable with lognormal distribution. Minimizing the variance (hedging risk) of the…
We consider arbitrage free valuation of European options in Black-Scholes and Merton markets, where the general structure of the market is known, however the specific parameters are not known. In order to reflect this subjective uncertainty…
We present a theory of option pricing and hedging, designed to address non-perfect arbitrage, market friction and the presence of `fat' tails. An implied volatility `smile' is predicted. We give precise estimates of the residual risk…