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Given a smooth projective curve $X$ of genus at least 2 over a number field $k$, Grothendieck's Section Conjecture predicts that the canonical projection from the \'etale fundamental group of $X$ onto the absolute Galois group of $k$ has a…

Let X be a smooth projective curve of genus >1 over a field K which is finitely generated over the rationals. The section conjecture in Grothendieck's anabelian geometry says that the sections of the canonical projection from the arithmetic…

In this paper we exhibit the notion of (uniformly) good sections of arithmetic fundamental groups. We introduce and investigate the problem of cuspidalisation of sections of arithmetic fundamental groups, its ultimate aim is to reduce the…

We investigate sections of arithmetic fundamental groups of hyperbolic curves over function fields. As a consequence we prove that the anabelian section conjecture of Grothendieck holds over all finitely generated fields over $\Bbb Q$ if it…

For a smooth and geometrically irreducible variety X over a field k, the quotient of the absolute Galois group G_{k(X)} by the commutator subgroup of G_{\bar k(X)} projects onto G_k. We investigate the sections of this projection. We show…

In the present paper, we give a q-analogue of the Grothendieck conjecture on p-curvatures for q-difference equations defined over the field of rational function K(x), where K is a finite extension of a field of rational functions k(q), with…

We define a linear structure on Grothendieck's arithmetic fundamental group $\pi_1(X, x)$ of a scheme $X$ defined over a field $k$ of characteristic 0. It allows us to link the existence of sections of the Galois group ${\rm Gal}(\bar k/k)$…

Assuming the finiteness of the Shafarevich-Tate group of elliptic curves over number fields we make several observations on the birational Grotendieck anabelian setion conjecture. We prove that the birational setion conjecture for curves…

Grothendieck's conjecture on p-curvatures predicts that an arithmetic differential equation has a full set of algebraic solutions if and only if its reduction in positive characteristic has a full set of rational solutions for almost all…

A birationally liftable Galois section s of a hyperbolic curve X/k over a number field k yields an adelic point x(s) in the smooth completion of X. We show that x(s) is X-integral outside a set of places of Dirichlet density 0, or s is…

Let $X$ be a smooth projective curve of genus $\geq2$ over a number field. A natural variant of Grothendieck's Section Conjecture postulates that every section of the fundamental exact sequence for $X$ which everywhere locally comes from a…

We investigate sections of the arithmetic fundamental group pi_1(X) where X is either a smooth affinoid p-adic curve, or a formal germ of a p-adic curve, and prove that they can be lifted (unconditionally) to sections of cuspidally abelian…

Let $X$ be a smooth curve over a finitely generated field $k$, and let $\ell$ be a prime different from the characteristic of $k$. We analyze the dynamics of the Galois action on the deformation rings of mod $\ell$ representations of the…

Let $S$ be a Dedekind scheme, $X$ a connected $S$-scheme locally of finite type and $x\in X(S)$ a section. The aim of the present paper is to establish the existence of the fundamental group scheme of $X$, when $X$ has reduced fibers or…

Given a smooth and separated K(pi,1) variety X over a field k, we associate a "cycle class" in etale cohomology with compact supports to any continuous section of the natural map from the arithmetic fundamental group of X to the absolute…

A. Vistoli observed that, if Grothendieck's section conjecture is true and $X$ is a smooth hyperbolic curve over a field finitely generated over $\mathbb{Q}$, then $\underline{\pi}_{1}(X)$ should somehow have essential dimension $1$. We…

Let $X$ be a complete smooth variety defined over number field $K$ and $i$ an integer. The absolute Galois group of $K$ acts on the $i$th $l$-adic etale cohomology of $X$ for all $l$, producing a system of $l$-adic representations…

We study the structure of the \'etale fundamental groups of smooth curves over certain arithmetic schemes, and investigate the relative version of Grothendieck's anabelian conjecture in this setting. Consequently, every hyperbolic curve…

Let $p$ be a prime number. In this article we present a theorem, suggested by Peter Scholze, which states that the absolute Galois group of $\mathbf{Q}_p$ is the \'etale fundamental group of a certain object $Z$ which is defined over an…

We show a 2-nilpotent section conjecture over R: for a geometrically connected curve X over R such that each irreducible component of its normalization has R-points, pi_0(X(R)) is determined by the maximal 2-nilpotent quotient of the…