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In 1967, Moon and Moser proved a tight bound on the critical density of squares in squares: any set of squares with a total area of at most 1/2 can be packed into a unit square, which is tight. The proof requires full knowledge of the set,…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2017-01-03 Sándor P. Fekete , Hella-Franziska Hoffmann

Entringer, Jackson, and Schatz conjectured in 1974 that every infinite cubefree binary word contains arbitrarily long squares. In this paper we show this conjecture is false: there exist infinite cubefree binary words avoiding all squares…

组合数学 · 数学 2007-05-23 Narad Rampersad , Jeffrey Shallit , Ming-wei Wang

We introduce subsequence covers (s-covers, in short), a new type of covers of a word. A word $C$ is an s-cover of a word $S$ if the occurrences of $C$ in $S$ as subsequences cover all the positions in $S$. The s-covers seem to be…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Panagiotis Charalampopoulos , Solon P. Pissis , Jakub Radoszewski , Wojciech Rytter , Tomasz Waleń , Wiktor Zuba

In this note, we try to understand the recent development on the Waring-Goldbach problem involving cubes of primes. Especially, we want to determine whether integers that are either primes, squares of primes, cubes of primes, or a cube of…

综合数学 · 数学 2022-01-20 Zhichun Zhai

We investigate the number of squares in a very broad family of binary recurrence sequences with $u_{0}=1$. We show that there are at most two distinct squares in such sequences (the best possible result), except under such very special…

数论 · 数学 2025-09-19 Paul M Voutier

We give a new characterization of maximal repetitions (or runs) in strings based on Lyndon words. The characterization leads to a proof of what was known as the "runs" conjecture (Kolpakov \& Kucherov (FOCS '99)), which states that the…

离散数学 · 计算机科学 2018-07-03 Hideo Bannai , Tomohiro I , Shunsuke Inenaga , Yuto Nakashima , Masayuki Takeda , Kazuya Tsuruta

Motivated by computing duplication patterns in sequences, a new fundamental problem called the longest subsequence-repeated subsequence (LSRS) is proposed. Given a sequence $S$ of length $n$, a letter-repeated subsequence is a subsequence…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2023-09-01 Manuel Lafond , Wenfeng Lai , Adiesha Liyanage , Binhai Zhu

Word Break is a prototypical factorization problem in string processing: Given a word $w$ of length $N$ and a dictionary $\mathcal{D} = \{d_1, d_2, \ldots, d_{K}\}$ of $K$ strings, determine whether we can partition $w$ into words from…

数据结构与算法 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Rajat De , Dominik Kempa

Fici and Saarela ([2]) conjectured that a binary word of length n contains at least $\lfloor n/4 \rfloor$ abelian squares. We slightly extend this conjecture and show that it holds in some special cases. In all other cases we have the…

组合数学 · 数学 2026-04-28 Szilard Zsolt Fazekas , Adam Mammoliti , Robert Mercas , Jamie Simpson

Let S be a finite set of words over an alphabet Sigma. The set S is said to be complete if every word w over the alphabet Sigma is a factor of some element of S*, i.e. w belongs to Fact(S*). Otherwise if S is not complete, we are interested…

形式语言与自动机理论 · 计算机科学 2010-04-26 Gabriele Fici , Elena V. Pribavkina , Jacques Sakarovitch

A word is called closed if it has a prefix which is also its suffix and there is no internal occurrences of this prefix in the word. In this paper we study words that are rich in closed factors, i.e., which contain the maximal possible…

组合数学 · 数学 2023-01-05 Olga Parshina , Svetlana Puzynina

In this paper we prove a new asymptotic lower bound for the minimal number of simplices in simplicial dissections of $n$-dimensional cubes. In particular we show that the number of simplices in dissections of $n$-cubes without additional…

度量几何 · 数学 2012-12-27 Alexey Glazyrin

For a word $S$, let $f(S)$ be the largest integer $m$ such that there are two disjoints identical (scattered) subwords of length $m$. Let $f(n, \Sigma) = \min \{f(S): S \text{is of length} n, \text{over alphabet} \Sigma \}$. Here, it is…

组合数学 · 数学 2012-04-11 Maria Axenovich , Yury Person , Svetlana Puzynina

Let $w=w(x_1,...,x_n)$ be a word, i.e. an element of the free group $F = \langle x_1,...,x_n \rangle$. The verbal subgroup $w(G)$ of a group $G$ is the subgroup generated by the set $\{ w(x_1,...,x_n) : x_1,...,x_n \in G \}$ of all…

群论 · 数学 2024-03-14 Francesca Lisi , Luca Sabatini

A set X of partial words over a finite alphabet A is called unavoidable if every two-sided infinite word over A has a factor compatible with an element of X. Unlike the case of a set of words without holes, the problem of deciding whether…

形式语言与自动机理论 · 计算机科学 2017-08-23 Joey Becker , F. Blanchet-Sadri , Laure Flapan , Stephen Watkins

To any infinite word w over a finite alphabet A we can associate two infinite words min(w) and max(w) such that any prefix of min(w) (resp. max(w)) is the lexicographically smallest (resp. greatest) amongst the factors of w of the same…

组合数学 · 数学 2010-03-16 Amy Glen

Counting substrings/subsequences that preserve some property (e.g., palindromes, squares) is an important mathematical interest in stringology. Recently, Glen et al. studied the number of Lyndon factors in a string. A string $w = uv$ is…

组合数学 · 数学 2021-07-14 Ryo Hirakawa , Yuto Nakashima , Shunsuke Inenaga , Masayuki Takeda

An efficient, when compared to exhaustive enumeration, algorithm for computing the number of square-free words of length $n$ over the alphabet $\{a, b, c\}$ is presented.

形式语言与自动机理论 · 计算机科学 2021-05-11 Vladislav Makarov

A finite word $w$ with $\vert w\vert=n$ contains at most $n+1$ distinct palindromic factors. If the bound $n+1$ is attained, the word $w$ is called \emph{rich}. Let $\Factor(w)$ be the set of factors of the word $w$. It is known that there…

组合数学 · 数学 2019-09-06 Josef Rukavicka

We study some properties of the growth rate of $\mathcal{L}(\mathcal{A},\mathcal{F})$, that is, the language of words over the alphabet $\mathcal{A}$ avoiding the set of forbidden factors $\mathcal{F}$. We first provide a sufficient…

组合数学 · 数学 2025-04-09 Vuong Bui , Matthieu Rosenfeld