相关论文: Accurate numerical verification of the instanton m…

Instantons, semi-classical trajectories of quantum tunneling in imaginary time, have long been used to study thermodynamic and transport properties in a myriad of condensed matter and high energy systems. A recent experiment in…

We develop an instantonic calculus to derive an analytical expression for the thermally-assisted tunneling decay rate of a metastable state in a fully connected quantum spin model. The tunneling decay problem can be mapped onto the Kramers…

The tunneling decay event of a metastable state in a fully connected quantum spin model can be simulated efficiently by path integral quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) [Isakov $et~al.$, Phys. Rev. Lett. ${\bf 117}$, 180402 (2016).]. This is because…

An instanton method is proposed to investigate the quantum tunneling between two weakly-linked Bose-Einstein condensates confined in double-well potential traps. We point out some intrinsic pathologies in the earlier treatments of other…

In these lectures we describe the use of Monte Carlo simulations in understanding the role of tunneling events, instantons, in a quantum mechanical toy model. We study, in particular, a variety of methods that have been used in the QCD…

The decay rates of quasistable states in quantum field theories are usually calculated using instanton methods. Standard derivations of these methods rely in a crucial way upon deformations and analytic continuations of the physical…

Starting from trace formulae for the tunnelling splittings (or decay rates) analytically continued in the complex time domain, we obtain explicit semiclassical expansions in terms of complex trajectories that are selected with appropriate…

Instanton theory has arisen as a practical tool for calculating tunneling splittings in molecular systems. Unfortunately, the original formulation of instanton theory fundamentally breaks down when trying to calculate the level splitting in…

In the study of quantum-mechanical tunneling processes, numerous approaches have been developed to determine the decay rate of states initially confined within a metastable potential region. Virtually all analytical treatments, however,…

Instanton theory is an established method to calculate rate constants of chemical reactions including atom tunneling. Technical and methodological improvements increased its applicability. Still, a large number of energy and gradient…

Instantons, spacetime-localized quantum field tunneling events, are ubiquitous in correlated condensed matter and high energy systems. However, their direct observation through collisions with conventional particles has not been considered…

Parametrically driven oscillators can emerge as a basis for the next generation of qubits. Classically, these systems exhibit two stable oscillatory states with opposite phases. Upon quantization, these states turn into a pair of closely…

The imaginary part of the one loop effective action in external backgrounds can be efficiently computed using worldline instantons which are closed periodic paths in spacetime. Exact solutions for nonstatic backgrounds are only known in…

Semiclassical instanton theory is a form of quantum transition-state theory which can be applied to computing thermal reaction rates for complex molecular systems including quantum tunneling effects. There have been a number of attempts to…

We develop a new numerical scheme which allows precise solution of coherent tunneling problems, i.e., problems with exponentially small transition amplitudes between quasidegenerate states. We explain how this method works for the…

We consider quantum tunnelling in asymmetric double-well systems for which the local minima in the two wells have the same energy, but the frequencies differ slightly. We derive a generalization of instanton theory for these asymmetric…

We apply the newly derived nonadiabatic golden-rule instanton theory to asymmetric models describing electron-transfer in solution. The models go beyond the usual spin-boson description and have anharmonic free-energy surfaces with…

Macroscopic quantum tunneling (MQT) for a single fluxon moving along a long Josephson junction is studied theoretically. To introduce a fluxon-pinning force, we consider inhomogeneities made by modifying thickness of an insulating layer…

In this paper, we study Einstein gravity with a minimally coupled scalar field accompanied with a potential, assuming an O(4) symmetric metric ansatz. We call an Euclidean instanton is to be an oscillating instanton, if there exists a point…

Within the framework of the instanton approach we present analytical results for the following model problems: (i) particle penetration through a parabolic potential barrier, where the instanton solution practically coincides with the exact…