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The local navigation of pedestrians amid a crowd is generally believed to involve no anticipation beyond (at best) the avoidance of the most imminent collisions. We show that current models rooted in this belief fail to reproduce some key…

To minimize the sediment flowing to the outlet of a river catchment with minimal effort or cost, it is important to select the best areas to perform a certain intervention, e.g., afforestation. CAMF (Cellular Automata based heuristic for…

Applying assignment methods to compute user-equilibrium route choice is very common in traffic planning. It is common sense that vehicular traffic arranges in a user-equilibrium based on generalized costs in which travel time is a major…

This article focuses on different aspects of pedestrian (crowd) modeling and simulation. The review includes: various modeling criteria, such as granularity, techniques, and factors involved in modeling pedestrian behavior, and different…

Cellular Automata (CA), as they are presented in the literature, are abstract mathematical models of computation. In this pa- per we present an alternate approach: using the CA as a model or theory of physical systems and devices. While…

The behavior of pedestrians shows certain regularities, which can be described by quantitative (partly stochastic) models. The models are based on the behavior of individual pedestrians, which depends on the pedestrian intentions and on the…

The cellular automata (CA) approach to traffic modeling is extended to allow for spatially homogeneous steady state solutions that cover a two dimensional region in the flow-density plane. Hence these models fulfill a basic postulate of a…

An average pedestrian flow through an exit is one of the most important index in evaluating pedestrian dynamics. In order to study the flow in detail, the floor field model, which is a crowd model by using cellular automaton, is extended by…

This paper addresses the theoretical foundations of pedestrian models for crowd dynamics. While the topic gains momentum, current models differ widely in their mathematical structure, even if we only consider continuous agent-based models.…

This paper deals with the early results of a new model of pedestrian flow, conceived within a measure-theoretical framework. The modeling approach consists in a discrete-time Eulerian macroscopic representation of the system via a family of…

Computer based models describing pedestrian behavior in an emergency evacuation play a vital role in the development of active strategies that minimize the evacuation time when a closed area must be evacuated. The reference model has a…

In this paper we present an optimal control approach modeling fast exit scenarios in pedestrian crowds. In particular we consider the case of a large human crowd trying to exit a room as fast as possible. The motion of every pedestrian is…

In this survey we consider mathematical models and methods recently developed to control crowd dynamics, with particular emphasis on egressing pedestrians. We focus on two control strategies: The first one consists in using special agents,…

We introduce a cellular automaton model coupled with a transport equation for flows on graphs. The direction of the flow is described by a switching process where the switching probability dynamically changes according to the value of the…

The Social Force Model of pedestrian dynamics is formulated in a way that a) most of its parameters do not have an immediate interpretation, b) often one single parameter has an impact on many aspects of walking behavior and c) a certain…

Cellular automata are a discrete dynamical system which models massively parallel computation. Much attention is devoted to computations with small time complexity for which the parallelism may provide further possibilities. In this paper,…

Real-time large-scale crowd simulations with realistic behavior, are important for many application areas. On CPUs, the ORCA pedestrian steering model is often used for agent-based pedestrian simulations. This paper introduces a technique…

The theory of slow manifolds is an important tool in the study of deterministic dynamical systems, giving a practical method by which to reduce the number of relevant degrees of freedom in a model, thereby often resulting in a considerable…

In recent years modelling crowd and evacuation dynamics has become very important, with increasing huge numbers of people gathering around the world for many reasons and events. The fact that our global population grows dramatically every…

A cellular automata approach using a Directed Cyclic Graph is used to model interrelationships of fluctuating time, state and space. This model predicts phenomena including a constant and maximum speed at which any moving entity can travel,…