相关论文: Superstatistics in high energy physics: Applicatio…

Among the statistical mechanical frameworks able to describe systems in non-equilibrium steady states such as collisionless plasmas, self-gravitating systems and other complex systems, superstatistics have gained recent attention.…

Superstatistics [C. Beck and E.G.D. Cohen, Physica A 322, 267 (2003)] is a formalism aimed at describing statistical properties of a generic extensive quantity E in complex out-of-equilibrium systems in terms of a superposition of…

The theory of superstatistics, originally proposed for the study of complex nonequilibrium systems, has recently been extended to studies of small systems interacting with a finite environment, because such systems display interestingly…

The existence of fluctuations of temperature has been a somewhat controversial topic in thermodynamics but nowadays it is recognized that they must be taken into account in small, finite systems. Although for nonequilibrium steady states…

Superstatistics is a framework in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics that successfully describes a wide variety of complex systems, including hydrodynamic turbulence, weakly-collisional plasmas, cosmic rays, power grid fluctuations, among…

We discuss the basic features of the propagation of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays in astrophysical backgrounds, comparing two alternative computation schemes to compute the expected fluxes. We also discuss the issue of the transition among…

A quantum mechanical generalization of superstatistics is presented here based on the positive operator valued measure transformation property of the system density matrix. This procedure reveals that the origin of the fluctuating factors…

A thermodynamic-like formalism is developed for superstatistical systems based on conditional entropies. This theory takes into account large-scale variations of intensive variables of systems in nonequilibrium stationary states. Ordinary…

We derive a formula that defines quantum fluctuations of energy in subsystems of a hot relativistic gas. For small subsystem sizes we find substantial increase of fluctuations compared to those known from standard thermodynamic…

A thermodynamic device placed outdoors, or a local ecosystem, is subject to a variety of different temperatures given by short-tem (daily) and long-term (seasonal) variations. In the long term a superstatistical description makes sense,…

Recent results from experiments like PAMELA have pointed to excesses of e+e- in cosmic rays. If interpreted in terms of Dark Matter annihilations, they imply the existence of an abundant population of e+e- in the galactic halo at large. We…

Extreme value statistics, or extreme statistics for short, refers to the statistics that characterizes rare events of either unusually high or low intensity: climate disasters like floods following extremely intense rains are among the…

The theory of superstatistics is a generalization of Boltzmann-Gibbs statistical mechanics which admits temperature fluctuations, and generates non-canonical ensembles from the distribution function of these fluctuations. Recently, some…

Quantum scattering is used ubiquitously in both experimental and theoretical physics across a wide range of disciplines, from high-energy physics to mesoscopic physics. In this work, we uncover universal relations for the energy…

We discuss the quantum statistical fluctuations of energy in subsystems of hot relativistic gas for both spin-zero and spin half particles. We explicitly show the system size dependence of the quantum statistical fluctuation of energy. Our…

Superstatistics (Physica A 322, 267-275, 2003) is a formalism that attempts to explain the presence of distributions other than the Boltzmann-Gibbs distributions in Nature, typically power-law behavior, for systems out of equilibrium such…

We consider a generalized statistical mechanics model for the creation process of cosmic rays which takes into account local temperature fluctuations. This model yields Tsallis statistics for the cosmic ray spectrum. It predicts an entropic…

Nonequilibrium complex systems are often effectively described by the mixture of different dynamics on different time scales. Superstatistics, which is "statistics of statistics" with two largely separated time scales, offers a consistent…

We consider nonequilibrium systems with complex dynamics in stationary states with large fluctuations of intensive quantities (e.g. the temperature, chemical potential, or energy dissipation) on long time scales. Depending on the…

It has been suggested recently that `$q$-exponential' distributions which form the basis of Tsallis' non-extensive thermostatistical formalism may be viewed as mixtures of exponential (Gibbs) distributions characterized by a fluctuating…