组织与器官
Numerous studies have attempted to demonstrate the olfactory ability of canines to detect several common cancer types from human bodily fluids, breath and tissue. Canines have been reported to detect bladder cancer (sensitivity of 0.63-0.73…
A sensation of fullness in the bladder is a regular experience, yet the mechanisms that act to generate this sensation remain poorly understood. This is an important issue because of the clinical problems that can result when this system…
Primary tumors infrequently lead to demise of cancer patients; instead, mortality and a significant degree of morbidity result from the growth of secondary tumors in distant organs (metastasis). It is well-known that malignant tumors induce…
Atherosclerosis is one of the principle pathologies of cardiovascular disease with blood cholesterol a significant risk factor. The World Health Organisation estimates that approximately 2.5 million deaths occur annually due to the risk…
The CVS is composed of numerous interacting and dynamically regulated physiological subsystems which each generate measurable periodic components such that the CVS can itself be presented as a system of weakly coupled oscillators. The…
Currently, most of the basic mechanisms governing tumor-immune system interactions, in combination with modulations of tumor-associated vasculature, are far from being completely understood. Here, we propose a mathematical model of…
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. AF prevalence increases with age, which is attributed to pathophysiological changes that aid AF initiation and perpetuation. Current state-of-the-art models are only…
A new strain energy function for the hyperelastic modelling of ligaments and tendons based on the geometrical arrangement of their fibrils is derived. The distribution of the crimp angles of the fibrils is used to determine the…
A new strain energy function for the hyperelastic modelling of ligaments and tendons whose fascicles have a helical arrangement of fibrils is derived. The stress-strain response of a single fascicle whose fibrils exhibit varying levels of…
The complexity of a signal can be measured by the Recurrence period density entropy (RPDE) from the reconstructed phase space. We have chosen a window based RPDE method for the classification of signals, as RPDE is an average entropic…
We propose a method for finding metabolic parameters of cells, organs and whole organisms, which is based on the earlier discovered general growth law. Based on the obtained results and analysis of available biological models, we propose a…
Understanding biological phenomena requires a systemic approach that incorporates different mechanisms acting on different spatial and temporal scales, since in organisms the workings of all components, such as organelles, cells, and organs…
Scientists have long sought to understand how vascular networks supply blood and oxygen to cells throughout the body. Recent work focuses on principles that constrain how vessel size changes through branching generations from the aorta to…
Recent studies have identified highly tumorigenic cells with stem cell-like characteristics in human cancers, termed cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are resistant to conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy owing to their high DNA repair…
There are numerous stochastic models for cancer risk for a given tissue. Many rely on the following two hypotheses. 1. There is a fixed probability that a given cell division will eventually lead to a cancerous cell. 2. Cell divisions are…
Tissue fusion eliminates physical voids in a tissue to form a continuous structure and is central to many processes in development and repair. Fusion events in vivo, particularly in embryonic development, often involve the purse-string…
In nature, excitable reaction-diffusion systems found in diverse settings (e.g. chemical reactions, metal rust, yeast, amoeba, heart, brain) generate geometrically similar macroscopic waves(1,2). For the heart and brain, the spatiotemporal…
The scarcity of organs for transplant has led to large waiting lists of very sick patients. In drug development, the time required for human trials greatly increases the time to market. Drug companies are searching for alternative…
Despite recent advances in the field of Oncoimmunology, the success potential of immunomodulatory therapies against cancer remains to be elucidated. One of the reasons is the lack of understanding on the complex interplay between tumor…
A mathematical model for fluid and solute transport in peritoneal dialysis is constructed. The model is based on a three-component nonlinear system of two-dimensional partial differential equations for fluid, glucose and albumin transport…