物理与社会
Security plays a crucial role when it comes to planning large events such as concerts, sporting tournaments, pilgrims, or demonstrations. Monitoring and controlling pedestrian dynamics can prevent dangerous situations from occurring.…
Entropy always increases monotonically in a closed system but complexity increases at first and then decreases as equilibrium is approached. Commonsense information-related definitions for entropy and complexity demonstrate that complexity…
Given a fixed budget for player salaries, what is the distribution of salaries of the top scoring teams? We investigated this question using the wealth of data available from fantasy premier league football (soccer). Using the players' data…
In this work, a new concept called Vector Dissipation of Randomness (VDR) is developed and formalized. It describes the mechanism by which complex multicomponent systems transition from chaos to order through the filtering of random…
Assessing the potential influence of Vocational Education and Training (VET) courses on creating job opportunities and nurturing work skills has been considered challenging due to the ambiguity in defining their complex relationships and…
Macroscopic traffic flow models are essential for analysing traffic dynamics in highways and urban roads. While second-order models like METANET capture non-equilibrium traffic states, they often produce unrealistic speed predictions, such…
In recent years, a surge in the popularity of trap music among adolescents has prompted concerns about its potential influence on youth behavior and educational outcomes. In this study, we develop a novel compartmental model using a system…
In this paper, we focus on a rare scholarly theme of highly productive academics, statistically confirming their pivotal role in knowledge production across 11 systems studied. The upper 10 % of highly productive academics in 11 European…
This work builds on a rich discourse surrounding the social brain hypothesis as well as the definition and quantification of social complexity. We believe this manuscript provides a new perspective on the topic by pairing a conceptual…
In this paper we explore the dynamic relationship between income inequality and economic mobility through a pairing of a population-scale partial differential equation (PDE) model and an associated individual-based stochastic differential…
This study evaluates path sets generation for route choice models in multimodal public transportation networks, using both conventional (network algorithms) and empirical (smart card data driven) methods. While the empirical approach can…
In this paper, we examine the wide-ranging impact of artificial intelligence on society, focusing on its potential to both help and harm global equity, cognitive abilities, and economic stability. We argue that while artificial intelligence…
Beautimeter is a new tool powered by generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) technology, designed to evaluate architectural and urban beauty. Rooted in Christopher Alexander's theory of centers, this work builds on the idea that all…
The formation of large social groups having uniform opinions influenced by mass media is currently an important topic in the social sciences. In this work, we explore and extend an off-lattice, two-dimensional Potts model (Eur. Phys. J. B…
Urban spatial interactions are a complex aggregation of routine visits and random explorations by individuals. The inherent uncertainty of these random visitations poses significant challenges to understanding urban structures and…
Despite the growing importance of teams in producing innovative and high-impact science and technology, it remains unclear how expertise diversity among team members relates to the originality and impact of the work they produce. Here, we…
Extreme heat and hurricane-induced blackouts could occur simultaneously in the summer, posing great challenges to community health and well-being. Cooling centers serve as a key adaptation strategy to alleviate heat stress, especially among…
A pedestrian model's computation speed impacts the model applicability. However, little attention has been given to this model property in the field of pedestrian dynamics modelling. As such, no framework exists to guide the systematic…
This study proposes a new approach to the interpretation of Greek Doric-style temples, based on the integration of its tangible and intangible dimensions as a cultural heritage asset. Rooted on the Greek concept of techne, the work…
Current research funding systems are subject to structural imbalances, where formal criteria such as the H-index and the number of publications dominate over the potential and actual scientific prospects of researchers. This leads to the…