物理与社会
In this paper, we present the main actions of the Women in Physics Group of the Spanish Royal Physics Society over the period of 2022 to 2023, in which we celebrated the 20th anniversary of the group. We also outline relevant equality…
Xenophobic interactions play a role as important as homophilic ones in shaping many dynamical processes on social networks, such as opinion formation, social balance, or epidemic spreading. In this paper, we use belief propagation and Monte…
Why are human societies unstable? Theories based on the observation of recurring patterns in historical data indicate that economic inequality, as well as social factors are key drivers. So far, models of this phenomenon are more…
How does the threat of infectious disease influence sociality among generative agents? We used generative agent-based modeling (GABM), powered by large language models, to experimentally test hypotheses about the behavioral immune system.…
We present analytical results for the effect of preferential node deletion on the structure of networks that evolve via node addition and preferential attachment. To this end, we consider a preferential-attachment-preferential-deletion…
Since the beginning of the century, capturing trajectories of pedestrian streams precisely from video recordings has been possible. To enable measurements at high density, the heads of the pedestrians are marked and tracked, thus providing…
We analyse a generalisation of the Galam model of binary opinion dynamics in which iterative discussions take place in local groups of individuals and study the effects of random deviations from the group majority. The probability of a…
Spatial dependence, referring to the correlation between variable values observed at different geographic locations, is one of the most fundamental characteristics of spatial data. The presence of spatial dependence violates the classical…
Fire drills are a commonly-used training method for improving how people act in emergency situations. This article deals with fire drills in early childhood education facilities and analyses data gathered from an online survey of 1151 Czech…
Critical infrastructure networks--including transportation, power grids, and communication systems--exhibit complex interdependencies that can lead to cascading failures with catastrophic consequences. These disasters often originate from…
Geospatial datasets on the long-term evolution of road networks are scarce, hampering our quantitative understanding of how the contemporary road network has evolved over the course of the 20th century. However, such information is crucial…
Within the framework of the ViSE (Voting in a Stochastic Environment) model, we examine the dynamics in a society, part of which can be considered an elite. The model allows us to analyze the influence of social attitudes, such as…
To achieve carbon neutrality and enhance energy security, Mongolia is exploring a transition toward hybrid energy solutions integrating small modular reactors (SMRs) and renewable energy sources. This study assesses the feasibility of a…
This study intends to test the hypothesis that, contrary to traditional interpretation, the social structure of the polity of Aksum - especially in its early stages - was not characterized by a vertical hierarchy with highly centralized…
Energy justice, at the intersection of energy and societal ethics, studies the origins, quantification, and resolution of persistent and potential inequities within the energy sector, serving as a foundational pillar for societal harmony.…
During the COVID-19 pandemic, different countries, regions, and communities constructed various epidemic models to evaluate spreading behaviors and assist in making mitigation policies. Model uncertainties, introduced by complex…
In this chapter, we discuss urban mobility from a complexity science perspective. First, we give an overview of the datasets that enable this approach, such as mobile phone records, location-based social network traces, or GPS trajectories…
This paper presents a statistical analysis of speed and angular velocity obtained from pedestrian experiments across nine distinct datasets. Experimental scenarios included crossing motion, unidirectional/bidirectional flows,…
An anecdotally common complaint regarding induction into the Gold Humanism Honor Society is the bias toward close friends during the initial nomination process. In this work, we numerically simulate the nomination process under different…
In this paper, we investigate disparities in pedestrian crossing behaviors within static and dynamic crowds through experimental analysis. First, qualitative trajectory observations revealed significant behavioral differences in static and…