物理与社会
Collective motion in animal groups provide examples of emergent, decentralised coordination. Here, we examine a bottom-up model of collective behavior based on Future State Maximisation (FSM). In this model agents seek to maximise the…
In a brief reflection on the principles of human society, P. A. M. Dirac articulated a structural tension between two widely affirmed norms: that it is good and natural for parents to improve the prospects of their own children, and that…
The rise of social media and recommendation algorithms has sparked concerns about their role in fostering opinion polarization and echo chambers. We study these phenomena using an adaptive voter model to compare two connection mechanisms:…
Many cities promote walkability through concepts such as the compact city and 15-minute city to enhance urban livability, yet few methods link spatial walkability features to empirically measured livability and account for temporal…
According to the latest provisional statistics released by the UK Department for Transport, Great Britain recorded 1,633 road deaths in 2024, representing a slight increase from 2023 and raising concerns about safety progress, which…
The shale revolution, driven by advances in horizontal drilling, multi-stage hydraulic fracturing, and cyclic gas injection, has reshaped the oil and gas industry over the past two decades. In the United States, these technologies…
Accessibility for the physically disabled is a prevalent issue on university campuses, where stairs and steep slopes make navigating campus arduous. Our work proposes a pipeline to model a college campus as a network by combining Strava and…
Easy bikes have emerged as a popular and affordable mode of last-mile transport in Bangladesh, yet their widespread use has been accompanied by growing concerns about road safety. This study investigates the underlying factors influencing…
Reaching consensus on massive discussion networks is critical for reducing noise and achieving optimal collective outcomes. However, the natural tendency of humans to preserve their initial ideas constrains the emergence of global…
Originally, the Biswas--Chatterjee--Sen model was shown to exhibit an order/disorder phase transition for a sufficiently large number of negative interactions among actors. In this paper, the model is extended by the existence of…
Fully electrifying the building sector requires not only the widespread adoption of photovoltaic (PV) self-consumption and heat pumps, but also the integration of cost-effective energy storage solutions. Hybridizing lithium-ion (Li-ion)…
Accurate representations of the World Air Transportation Network (WAN) are fundamental inputs to models of global mobility, epidemic risk, and infrastructure planning. However, high-resolution, real-time data on the WAN are largely…
Phase transitions are the macroscopic manifestation of microscopic processes that drive a system towards a new state. The detailed evolution of these processes, particularly in abrupt phase transitions, are currently not fully understood.…
This paper constructs a multilayer recursive game model to demonstrate that in a rule vacuum environment, hierarchical predatory structures inevitably collapse into a monolithic political strongman system due to the conflict between…
We propose a financial liquidity policy sharing method for firm-to-firm supply networks, introducing a scalable autonomous control function for viable complex adaptive supply networks. Cooperation and competition in supply chains is…
In parts of Himachal Pradesh (Kullu and Mandi) and the Western Himalaya, village deities (\emph{devt\=a}) are carried through the landscape on shoulder-borne palanquins or ``raths.'' Participants often describe these raths as agents: they…
We uncover a universal scaling law governing the dispersion of collective attention and identify its underlying stochastic criticality. By analysing large-scale ensembles of Wikipedia page views, we find that the variance of logarithmic…
Vaccination games in higher-order settings remain underexplored, despite their importance in shaping opinions and collective decisions. Here, we introduce a parsimonious behavioral-epidemiological model to evaluate how peer reinforcement…
Computation is commonly defined as the execution of abstract algorithms over symbolic representations, with physical systems treated as substrates that realise predefined operations. While effective for engineered machines, this separation…
Collective organization in physical, biophysical, and biological systems often emerges from many weak, local interactions, yet the resulting global structures display striking regularities and apparent limits in diversity. Existing…