物理与社会
To enhance robustness of complex networked systems, a simple method is introducing reinforced nodes which always function during failure propagation. A random scheme of node reinforcement can be considered as a benchmark for finding an…
We human beings show remarkable adaptability in response to complex surroundings, we adopt different behavioral modes at different occasions, such response multimodality is critical to our survival. Yet, how this behavioral multimodality…
Decent social fairness is highly desired both for socio-economic activities and individuals, as it is one of the cornerstones of our social welfare and sustainability. How to effectively promote the level of fairness thus becomes a…
Rapid individual cognitive phenotyping holds the potential to revolutionize domains as wide-ranging as personalized learning, employment practices, and precision psychiatry. Going beyond limitations imposed by traditional lab-based…
Highly cited papers are influenced by external factors that are not directly related to the document's intrinsic quality. In this study, 50 characteristics for measuring the performance of 68 highly cited papers, from the Journal of the…
Ride sharing services combine trips of multiple users in the same vehicle and may provide more sustainable transport than private cars. As mobility demand varies during the day, the travel times experienced by passengers may substantially…
Analyzing relational data consisting of multiple samples or layers involves critical challenges: How many networks are required to capture the variety of structures in the data? And what are the structures of these representative networks?…
Network structure is a mechanism for promoting cooperation in social dilemma games. In the present study, we explore graph surgery, i.e., to slightly perturb the given network, towards a network that better fosters cooperation. To this end,…
Comparable to the traditional notion of stability in system dynamics, resilience is typically measured in a way that assesses the quality of a system's response, for example the speed of its recovery. We present a broadly applicable…
Nature provides a myriad of intangible and non-material services to people. However, urbanites are increasingly disconnected from the natural world. The consequences of this progressive disconnection from nature remain difficult to measure…
Understanding the relationship between urban form and structure and spatial variation of property flood risk has been a longstanding challenge in urban planning and city flood risk management. Yet limited data-driven insights exist…
How are people linked in a highly connected society? Since in many networks a power-law (scale-free) node-degree distribution can be observed, power-law might be seen as a universal characteristics of networks. But this study of…
This article presents experimental data sets about the evacuation movement and behaviour of preschool children observed during 15 evacuation drills in 10 nursery schools in the Czech Republic involving 970 children (3-7 years of age) and 87…
Ballet, a mainstream performing art predominantly associated with women, exhibits significant gender imbalances in leading positions. However, the collaboration's structural composition on gender representation in the field remains…
The accelerated change in our planet due to human activities has led to grand societal challenges including health crises, intensified extreme weather events, food security, environmental injustice, etc. Digital twin systems combined with…
In many cases of attacks or failures, memory effects play a significant role. Therefore, we present a model that not only considers the dependencies between nodes but also incorporates the memory effects of attacks. Our research…
A time series of fractal dimension values of urban form can form a fractal dimension curve and reflects urban growth. In many cases, the fractal dimension curves of cities can be modeled with logistic function, which in turn can be used to…
Fractal dimension is an effective scaling exponent of characterizing scale-free phenomena such as cities. Urban growth can be described with time series of fractal dimension of urban form. However, how to explain the factors behind fractal…
This paper proposes a dual opinions co-evolution model based on the dual attitudes theory in social psychology, where every individual has dual opinions of an object: implicit and explicit opinions. The implicit opinions are individuals'…
Constructing networks from empirical time series data is often faced with the as yet unsolved issue of how to avoid potentially superfluous network constituents. Such constituents can result, e.g., from spatial and temporal oversampling of…