物理与社会

Conflict in research teams was a near-ubiquitous phenomenon, with the three top issues being lack of respect or overconfidence, non-collegial behaviour and authorship. Most frequently involved (and perceived as most helpful) were informal…

Robustness of relaxation on asymmetric networks is not determined by connectivity alone, because the slow collective mode can be complex and may change its spectral identity under adaptive damage. We introduce a slow-branch susceptibility…

Principled prediction of when and where links form in complex networks is a fundamental problem. We derive a closed-form non-Markovian expression for next-step connection probabilities that unifies latent hyperbolic geometry with long-range…

We present a quantitative analysis of the frequency distribution of unicorn seal attributes from the Harappan Civilization (c.\ 2600--1900 BCE), reinterpreting published typological data through the lens of network science. We propose an…

The organization of higher-order interactions plays a central role in shaping collective dynamics, yet a general structural principle governing contagion on hypergraphs remains lacking. Here we introduce a nesting coefficient that…

From collective hunting to environmental problems, social dilemmas are pervasive in human societies. Prior research has documented highly heterogeneous behavioral patterns in such settings. However, how this heterogeneity emerges and how it…

At any sustained positive growth rate of energy demand, depletion of all terrestrial energy resources, including non-renewable deuterium fusion and renewable solar, occurs within a remarkably compressed period. The time to depletion is…

We derive equations of motion for capital deepening in a competitive economy directly from accounting identities, without assuming a production function. A profit imperative $\eta^* \equiv (w/\kappa + 1/\tau)/(1-f_p)$ sets the minimum…

The distribution of income and wealth in developed economies exhibits a robust two-class structure: an exponential (Boltzmann--Gibbs) bulk covering $\sim\!97\%$ of the population, and a power-law (Pareto) tail in the upper $\sim\!3\%$. We…

Classical vehicle dynamics contains several widely adopted misconceptions that, while intuitively appealing, may lead to inconsistencies when examined under a rigorous mechanical framework. This paper revisits a number of such…

In Part I of this companion paper series, we introduced SWIFTraj, a new open-source vehicle trajectory dataset collected using a unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarm. The dataset has two distinctive features. First, by connecting…

Low-carbon liquid fuels play a key role in energy system decarbonization scenarios. This study uses a multi-sector capacity expansion model of the contiguous United States to examine fuels production in deeply decarbonized energy systems.…

Bridging nodes, which connect critical components of a network, play an important role in maintaining structural integrity and facilitating communication within the network, representing indirect yet relevant connections. Epidemic…

We present an experimental and theoretical study of 2-D swarms in which collective behavior emerges from both direct local mechanical coupling between agents and from the exchange and processing of information between agents. Each agent, an…

Background: The classroom discourse analysis has been transformed by the growing use of audio-video multimodal data, which demands analytical methods that balance interpretive depth with computational scalability. Methods: This study…

Urban expansion fronts display a robust local roughness exponent together with strongly dispersed growth and nonuniversal dynamic exponents. We show that this coexistence can arise from a disorder-controlled crossover in projected-front…

Generated networks are widely used in network-based research as a convenient simulation environment. Generating universal networks that more accurately reflect real-world patterns is a cornerstone task. This study proposes a vari-linear…

Generative artificial intelligence (genAI) is rapidly reshaping how knowledge and culture are produced and consumed. Yet generative models are vulnerable to model collapse: when trained on data generated by earlier versions of themselves,…

In this study, we take a systematic look at the unrealised part of public transport networks (PTNs) with functional connections. We consider their complement graphs and study their structure. The complement graph $\bar G$ of an unweighted…

Market instability has been extensively studied using mathematical approaches to characterize complex trading dynamics and detect structural change points. This study explores the potential for early warning of market instability by…