物理与社会
The impact of lithium isotopic enrichment on the global deployment of nuclear fusion energy is analysed. Lithium - the 6Li isotope in particular - is essentially one of two elemental fuels required by fusion reactors for tritium breeding.…
Inferring higher-order interaction structure from observations of dynamics is a central challenge in complex systems, particularly when data are scarce, noisy, or concentrated in lower-dimensional regions of state space. We develop…
Over the last two decades, network science has greatly advanced our understanding of how the collective behaviors of a complex system emerge from the interactions among its basic units. Multiplex networks, i.e. networks with many layers,…
The societal impact of rumor spreading is becoming increasingly severe; yet, current research remains relatively one-sided, typically focusing on either rumor propagation or rumor control while neglecting the confrontational and dynamically…
Human mobility is a fundamental aspect of social behavior, with broad applications in transportation, urban planning, and epidemic modeling. Represented by the gravity model and the radiation model, established analytical models for…
Axelrod model is an opinion dynamics model such that each agent on a square lattice has a finite number of possible nominal opinions on a finite number of issues that are usually called features in the field. Moreover, its dynamics between…
Understanding how cities transition from free-flowing to congested traffic remains a central open problem in urban science. Here we show that city-scale congestion undergoes a reproducible nonlinear transition analogous to an order-disorder…
This work proposes the fractal scaling exponent alpha, estimated via Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) on the unaggregated time series of lines of code added per commit event in a software repository, as a novel process-level indicator…
We study hyperedge-removal strategies for suppressing contagion on synthetic hypergraphs. Hypergraphs are generated from Erd\H{o}s--R\'enyi, Barab\'asi--Albert, and Watts--Strogatz seed graphs by promoting maximal cliques to hyperedges. For…
Vishaps -- dragon stones -- discovered in the Armenian Highlands convey a remarkable message about the spiritual and social character of their epoch, c. 4000 BC. The unexpected bimodal distribution of their elevations indicates the…
We present an analytical framework for the probability of individual success based on a single structural asymmetry between the capacity of an entity to explore possibilities, $k$, and the size of the possibility space offered by the…
This manuscript maps secure-supply and criticality risks for quantum technologies deployed in extreme environments, linking upstream critical minerals and materials (CMMs) to downstream system performance, continuity of security, and…
Understanding how human mobility and information propagation influence the course of an epidemic remains a key challenge in digital epidemiology. In this work, we develop a new awareness-based, event-triggered epidemic model embedded within…
The analysis of income and wealth inequality is often constrained by the lack of reliable data. In this work, we introduce a proxy-based approach in which sports performance data are used to mimic economic distributions. In particular, the…
We present the first empirical derivation of a continuous-time stochastic model for real-world opinion dynamics. Using longitudinal social-media data to infer users opinion on a binary climate-change topic, we reconstruct the underlying…
We study the coupled dynamics of multilayer networks with symmetric (MLs) and asymmetric (MLas) inter-layer connections. The symmetric inter-layer connections arise from a one-to-one correspondence between the nodes of different layers. In…
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs, or drones) are likely to significantly increase the amount of air traffic. If the skies are full of UAVs, they need to interact with each other, for instance by yielding or other evasive maneuvers. The…
We propose Local Optima Networks (LONs) as a formal framework for modeling innovation dynamics. A LON is a directed weighted graph in which nodes represent locally stable technological configurations and edges encode transition…
The approximate master equation (AME) provides a highly accurate description of dynamical processes on networks, yet its steady states are generally analytically intractable. In this study, we develop an analytical framework to derive the…
With an increasing number of prospective geological CO$_2$ storage projects and potential pressure communication between different projects, risk sharing under uncertain geological conditions are relevant to many project operators. In this…