物理与社会
Heterogeneous and complex networks represent intertwined interactions between real-world elements or agents. Determining the multi-scale mesoscopic organization of clusters and intertwined structures is still a fundamental and open problem…
Understanding the quantitative patterns behind scientific disciplines is fundamental for informed research policy. While many fields have been studied from this perspective, Urban Science (USc) and its subfields remain underexplored. As…
This article introduces a simulation platform to study complex crowd behavior in social context. The agent-based model is extended based on the social force model, and it mainly describes how agents interact with each other, and also with…
In capitalist societies, only a single right can be fully exerted without constraints of any kind: the limitless accumulation of wealth. Such imperative or prime axiom is the ultimate cause of the raising waves of inequalities observed…
The concept of ``ideology" is central to political discourse and dynamics, and is often cast as falling primarily on a one-dimensional scale from ``left-wing/liberal" to ``right-wing/conservative", but the validity of this simple…
Many world-known scientists and engineers like G. Breit, G. Budker, G. Charpak, G. Gamow, M. Goldhaber, A. Ioffe, S. Korolyov, E. Lifshitz, M. Ostrogradsky, S. Timoshenko, V. Veksler were born in Ukraine, while some, like L. Landau and M.…
Companies with datacenters are procuring significant amounts of renewable energy to reduce their carbon footprint. There is increasing interest in achieving 24/7 Carbon-Free Energy (CFE) matching in electricity usage, aiming to eliminate…
As the impacts of climate change become increasingly apparent, the need for widespread electrification is now internationally recognized. As a result, global battery production is set to dramatically expand over the next decade.…
Recently, social debates have been marked by increased polarization of social groups. Such polarization not only implies that groups cannot reach a consensus on fundamental questions but also materializes in more modular social…
Networks are a powerful tool to model the structure and dynamics of complex systems across scales. Direct connections between system components are often represented as edges, while paths and walks capture indirect interactions. This…
This study employs gamified experiments to investigate and refine the Schelling Model of Segregation, a framework that demonstrates how individual preferences can lead to systemic segregation. Using a movement selection algorithm derived…
Transmission utilities routinely collect detailed outage data, including resilience events in which outages bunch up due to weather. The resilience events and their resilience metrics can readily be extracted from this historical outage…
Extensive research has focused on studying the robustness of interdependent non-directed networks and the design of mitigation strategies aimed at reducing disruptions caused by cascading failures. However, real systems such as power and…
Recent research has challenged the widespread belief that gender inequities in academia would disappear simply by increasing the number of women. More complex causes might be at play, embodied in the networked structure of scientific…
The stochastic block model is widely used to generate graphs with a community structure, but no simple alternative currently exists for hypergraphs, in which more than two nodes can be connected together through a hyperedge. We discuss here…
The microscopic organization of dynamical systems coupled via higher-order interactions plays a pivotal role in understanding their collective behavior. In this paper, we introduce a framework for systematically investigating the impact of…
Confronting the escalating threat of climate change requires innovative and large-scale interventions. This paper presents a bold proposal to employ a buried nuclear explosion in a remote basaltic seabed for pulverizing basalt, thereby…
Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) can provide constant, reliable electricity and heat with minimal emissions, but high drilling costs and uncertain cost reductions leave their future unclear. We explore scenarios for the future adoption of…
Cooperative behaviors are deeply embedded in structured biological and social systems. Networks are often employed to portray pairwise interactions among individuals, where network nodes represent individuals and links indicate who…
We analyze the Google matrix of directed networks of Wikipedia articles related to 8 recent Wikipedia language editions representing different cultures (English, Arabic, German, Spanish, French, Italian, Russian, Chinese). Using the reduced…