数据分析、统计与概率
Fourier-domain Difference Map (FDM) for phase retrieval with two oversampled coded diffraction patterns are proposed. FDM is a 3-parameter family of fixed point algorithms including Fourier-domain Hybrid-Projection-Reflection (FHPR) and…
We present a convex-concave reformulation of the reversible Markov chain estimation problem and outline an efficient numerical scheme for the solution of the resulting problem based on a primal-dual interior point method for monotone…
The description of wind phenomena is frequently based on data obtained from anemometers, which usually report the wind speed and direction only in a horizontal plane. Such measurements are commonly used either to develop wind generation…
The electric power system is one of the cornerstones of modern society. One of its most serious malfunctions is the blackout, a catastrophic event that may disrupt a substantial portion of the system, playing havoc to human life and causing…
This is a photographic dataset collected for testing image processing algorithms. The idea is to have sets of different but statistically similar images. In this work the images show randomly distributed peppercorns. The dataset is made…
In this manuscript we study the modeling of experimental data and its impact on the resulting integral experimental covariance and correlation matrices. By investigating a set of three low enriched and water moderated UO2 fuel rod arrays we…
The measurement of muon energy is critical for many analyses in large Cherenkov detectors, particularly those that involve separating extraterrestrial neutrinos from the atmospheric neutrino background. Muon energy has traditionally been…
Searches for unknown physics and decisions between competing astrophysical models to explain data both rely on statistical hypothesis testing. The usual approach in searches for new physical phenomena is based on the statistical Likelihood…
The method of simulated annealing is adapted to the temperature-emissivity separation (TES) problem. A patch of surface at the bottom of the atmosphere is assumed to be a greybody emitter with spectral emissivity $\epsilon(k)$ describable…
Data clustering is an approach to seek for structure in sets of complex data, i.e., sets of "objects". The main objective is to identify groups of objects which are similar to each other, e.g., for classification. Here, an introduction to…
As an example for complex systems with extreme events we investigate ocean wave states exhibiting rogue waves. We present a statistical method of data analysis based on multi-point statistics which for the first time allows grasping extreme…
The fluctuations in wind power entering an electrical grid (Irish grid) were analyzed and found to exhibit correlated fluctuations with a self-similar structure, a signature of large-scale correlations in atmospheric turbulence. The…
All data are digitized, and hence are essentially integers rather than true real numbers. Ordinarily this causes no difficulties since the truncation or rounding usually occurs below the noise level. However, in some instances, when the…
We propose a method of detecting a phase transition in a generalized P\'olya urn in an information cascade experiment. The method is based on the asymptotic behavior of the correlation $C(t)$ between the first subject's choice and the…
Differential measurements of particle collisions or decays can provide stringent constraints on physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. In particular, the distributions of the kinematical and angular variables that…
We introduce new quantities for exploratory causal inference between bivariate time series. The quantities, called penchants and leanings, are computationally straightforward to apply, follow directly from assumptions of probabilistic…
The focus of this work is on an alternative implementation of the iterative ensemble smoother (iES). We show that iteration formulae similar to those used in \cite{chen2013-levenberg,emerick2012ensemble} can be derived by adopting a…
Many experiments can be interpreted in terms of random processes operating according to some internal protocols. When experiments are costly or cannot be repeated only one or a few finite samples are available. In this paper we study data…
We examine numerically and analytically the problem of the relativistic velocity distribution in a 1-dim relativistic gas in thermal equilibrium. Our derivation is based on the special theory of relativity, the central limit theorem and the…
Statistical parametric models are proposed to explain the values of the Planck constant obtained by comparing electrical and mechanical powers and by counting atoms in Si 28 enriched crystals. They assume that uncertainty contributions --…