数据分析、统计与概率
This is the documentation of the tomographic X-ray data of a walnut made available at http://www.fips.fi/dataset.php . The data can be freely used for scientific purposes with appropriate references to the data and to this document in…
Modeling wind speed is one of the key element when dealing with the production of energy through wind turbines. A good model can be used for forecasting, site evaluation, turbines design and many other purposes. In this work we are…
Bayesian methods have been very successful in quantifying uncertainty in physics-based problems in parameter estimation and prediction. In these cases, physical measurements y are modeled as the best fit of a physics-based model…
The behaviors of various confidence/credible interval constructions are explored, particularly in the region of low statistics where methods diverge most. We highlight a number of challenges, such as the treatment of nuisance parameters,…
Tomograms, a generalization of the Radon transform to arbitrary pairs of non-commuting operators, are positive bilinear transforms with a rigorous probabilistic interpretation which provide a full characterization of the signal and are…
Network theory and inverse modeling are two standard tools of applied physics, whose combination is needed when studying the dynamical organization of spatially distributed systems from indirect measurements. However, the associated…
When the number of events associated with a signal process is estimated in particle physics, it is common practice to extrapolate background distributions from control regions to a predefined signal window. This allows accurate estimation…
We have investigated the application of Compressive Sensing (CS) computational method to simultaneous compression and encryption of gamma spectra measured with NaI(Tl) detector during wide area search survey applications. Our numerical…
While the numerical methods which utilizes partitions of equal-size, including the box-counting method, remain the most popular choice for computing the generalized dimension of multifractal sets, two mass- oriented methods are investigated…
We consider two areas of research that have been developing in parallel over the last decade: blind source separation (BSS) and electromagnetic source estimation (ESE). BSS deals with the recovery of source signals when only mixtures of…
High temporal resolution measurements of human brain activity can be performed by recording the electric potentials on the scalp surface (electroencephalography, EEG), or by recording the magnetic fields near the surface of the head…
An alternative physical way of communication, communication by the inherent background noise, is proposed which does not need net energy transfer in the information channel. The communicator devices do dissipate energy; however, they do not…
The best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE) is a popular statistical method adopted to combine multiple measurements of the same observable taking into account individual uncertainties and their correlation. The method is unbiased by…
The dynamics of complex systems, from financial markets to the brain, can be monitored in terms of multiple time series of activity of the constituent units, such as stocks or neurons respectively. While the main focus of time series…
In all empirical-network studies, the observed properties of economic networks are informative only if compared with a well-defined null model that can quantitatively predict the behavior of such properties in constrained graphs. However,…
Error propagation formulae are derived for the expectation-maximization iterative unfolding algorithm regularized by a smoothing step. The effective number of parameters in the fit to the observed data is defined for unfolding procedures.…
In Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations, the thermal equilibria quantities are estimated by ensemble average over a sample set containing a large number of correlated samples. These samples are selected in accordance with the…
This paper introduces a new Bayesian approach to the inverse problem of passive microwave rainfall retrieval. The proposed methodology relies on a regularization technique and makes use of two joint dictionaries of coincidental rainfall…
We present an unbiased and robust analysis method for power-law blinking statistics in the photoluminescence of single nano-emitters, allowing us to extract both the bright- and dark-state power-law exponents from the emitters' intensity…
This work proposes to obtain novel fractal descriptors from gray-level texture images by combining information from interior and boundary measures of the Minkowski dilation applied to the texture surface. At first, the image is converted…