大气与海洋物理

There is as yet no theoretical framework to guide the search for emergent constraints. As a result, there are significant risks that indiscriminate data-mining of the multidimensional outputs from GCMs could lead to spurious correlations…

Unstructured grid ocean models are advantageous for simulating the coastal ocean and river-estuary-plume systems. However, unstructured grid models tend to be diffusive and/or computationally expensive which limits their applicability to…

The objective of this work is to provide high-resolution rain rate maps at short lead-time forecasts (nowcasts) necessary to anticipate flooding and properly manage sewage systems in urban areas by combining radars, rain gauges, and…

In this paper we describe the construction of an efficient probabilistic parameterization that could be used in a coarse-resolution numerical model in which the variation of moisture is not properly resolved. An Eulerian model using a…

In order to understand the effects of cumulus convection on large-scale atmospheric motions, heat and moisture budget analyses are often performed using data from an array of radiosonde stations. Ever since the pioneering work of Yanai et…

A careful reading of old articles puts Olivier Pauluis' criticisms concerning the definition of isentropic processes in terms of a potential temperature closely associated with the entropy of moist air, together with the third principle of…

Magnetic-field sensing has contributed to the formulation of the plate-tectonics theory, the discovery and mapping of underground structures on Earth, and the study of magnetism in other planets. Filling the gap between space-based and…

The monitoring of the impact of aerosols in Latin America on a local scale is usually limited due to the infrastructure and instrumentation available. In Colombia, there are two international ground surface monitoring networks, the AErosol…

This thesis is submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Oslo. It represents work that has been carried out between 2015 and 2018, under the supervision of Pr. Atle…

By introducing an equivalence between magnetostatics and the equations governing buoyant motion, we derive analytical expressions for the acceleration of isolated density anomalies, a.k.a. thermals. In particular, we investigate buoyant…

Hydroelastic interactions between regular water waves and floating freshwater ice are investigated using laboratory experiments for a range of incident wave periods and steepnesses. It is shown that only incident waves with sufficiently…

This paper presents the first estimate of the seasonal cycle of ocean and sea ice net heat and freshwater (FW) fluxes around the boundary of the Arctic Ocean. The ocean transports are estimated primarily using 138 moored instruments…

The iterative ensemble Kalman filter (IEnKF) in a deterministic framework was introduced in Sakov et al. (2012) to extend the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) and improve its performance in mildly up to strongly nonlinear cases. However, the…

Predicting Arctic sea ice extent is a notoriously difficult forecasting problem, even for lead times as short as one month. Motivated by Arctic intraannual variability phenomena such as reemergence of sea surface temperature and sea ice…

One of the defining features of both recent and historical cases of global climate change is Arctic Amplification (AA). This is the more rapid change in the surface air temperature (SAT) in the Arctic compared to some wider reference…

We investigate the equilibrium climate response to East and Southeast Asian emissions of carbonaceous aerosols and sulfur dioxide, a precursor of sulfate aerosol. Using the Community Earth System Model, with the Community Atmosphere Model…

A two-year verification campaign of the ZephIR~300 vertical profiling wind LiDAR has recently been started by the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI) at the CESAR Observatory (Cabauw Experimental Site for Atmospheric Research)…

The Gaia hypothesis (Lovelock and Margulis, 1974) proposes that there is a control system operating at global level that regulates climate and chemistry at a habitable state for the biota. Here we provide statistically significant…

The product of convective available potential energy (CAPE) and precipitation rate has previously been used as a proxy for cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flash counts in climate change applications. Here the ability of this proxy, denoted…

In this paper, the spatial dynamics of the atmospheric particulate matters (resp. PM$_{10}$ and PM$_{2.5}$) are studied using turbulence methodologies. It is found experimentally that the spatial correlation function $\rho(r)$ shows a…