大气与海洋物理

Since the late 19th century, several investigators have estimated the mass of the atmosphere. Unlike previous studies, which focus on the average pressures on the earth's surface, this analysis uses the density of air above the earth's…

Satellite communication systems suffer from the systematic error of tropospheric delay. Accurate estimation of this delay is essential for communication budget and planning. This study investigates the tropospheric delay in three Nigeria…

The parameterization of moist convection contributes to uncertainty in climate modeling and numerical weather prediction. Machine learning (ML) can be used to learn new parameterizations directly from high-resolution model output, but it…

The representation of cloud processes in weather and climate models is crucial for their feedback on atmospheric flows. Since there is no general macroscopic theory of clouds, the parameterization of clouds in corresponding simulation…

Clouds are important components of the atmosphere. Since it is usually not possible to treat them as ensembles of huge numbers of particles, parameterizations on the basis of averaged quantities (mass and/or number concentration) must be…

1D climate models are less sophisticated than 3D global circulation models (GCMs), however their computational time is much less expensive, allowing a large number of runs in a short period of time to explore a wide parameter space.…

Black carbon (BC) aerosol, the strongest absorber of visible solar radiation in the atmosphere, contributes to a large uncertainty in direct radiative forcing estimates. A primary reason for this uncertainty is inaccurate parameterizations…

We formulate a model for the mass exchange between oil at and below the sea surface. This is a particularly important aspect of modeling oil spills. Surface and subsurface oil have different chemical and transport characteristics and…

This study investigates the trend in Rainfall Onset Dates (ROD), Rainfall Cessation Dates (RCD), Length of Growing Seasons (LGS) and Rainfall Amount at Onset of Rainfall (RAO) using linear regression, Mann-Kendall, Sen Slope and Hurst…

Turbulent fluxes in the atmospheric surface layer are key input for the prediction of weather, hydrology, and carbon dioxide concentration. In numerical modelling of turbulent fluxes, a -7/3 power-law scaling in turbulence cospectra is…

Four case studies of cyclonic vortices over the Indian peninsular region during northeast monsoon season are presented. It was observed that the propagation of vortices over the peninsular orography was controlled by the vortex Froude…

The integration of satellite-derived aerosol optical depth (AOD) and station-measured PM2.5 provides a promising approach for obtaining spatial PM2.5 data. Several spatiotemporal models, which considered spatial and temporal heterogeneities…

Oceanic internal tides and other inertia-gravity waves propagate in an energetic turbulent flow whose lengthscales are similar to the wavelengths. Advection and refraction by this flow cause the scattering of the waves, redistributing their…

We quantify the effective radiative forcing (ERF) of anthropogenic aerosols modelled by the aerosol-climate model CAM5.3-MARC-ARG. CAM5.3-MARC-ARG is a new configuration of the Community Atmosphere Model version 5.3 (CAM5.3) in which the…

Accurate specification and prediction of the ionosphere-thermosphere (IT) environment, driven by external forcing, is crucial to the space community. In this work, we present a new transformative framework for data assimilation and…

The global stratification and circulation of the ocean and their sensitivities to changes in forcing depend crucially on the representation of the mesoscale eddy field. Here, a geometrically informed and energetically constrained…

Atmospheric moist available potential energy (MAPE) has been traditionally defined as the potential energy of a moist atmosphere relative to that of the adiabatically sorted reference state defining a global potential energy minimum.…

This study investigates the influence of two factors that change the mixed layer depth and can potentially contribute to the phytoplankton sustenance over winter: 1) variability of air-sea fluxes and 2) three-dimensional processes arising…

The ice phase in clouds contributes largely to uncertainties in global climate models partly due to a lack of atmospheric observations. At moderate supercooling ice nucleating particles (INP) and ice particles (IP) are present in small…

The modern era of scientific global-mean sea-level rise (SLR) projections began in the early 1980s. In subsequent decades, understanding of driving processes has improved, and new methodologies have been developed. Nonetheless, despite more…