大气与海洋物理

The El Ni\~{n}o Modoki in 2010 lead to historic droughts in Brazil. We quantify the global and Brazilian carbon response to this event using the NASA Carbon Monitoring System Flux (CMS-Flux) framework. Satellite observations of CO$_2$, CO,…

Tracks of typhoons are predicted using satellite images as input for a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN). The satellite images have time gaps of 6 hours and are marked with a red square at the location of the typhoon center. The GAN uses…

We present a retrieval algorithm for nitric oxide (NO) number densities from measurements from the SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY, on Envisat) nominal limb mode (0--91 km). The NO number…

The skill of current predictions of the warm phase of the El Ni\~no Southern Oscillation (ENSO) reduces significantly beyond a lag of six months. In this paper, we aim to increase this prediction skill at lags up to one year. The new method…

Air pollution has become a major issue and caused widespread environmental and health problems. Aerosols or particulate matters are an important component of the atmosphere and can transport under complex meteorological conditions. Based on…

Chemical transport models (CTMs), which simulate air pollution transport, transformation, and removal, are computationally expensive, largely because of the computational intensity of the chemical mechanisms: systems of coupled differential…

Accurate reporting and forecasting of PM2.5 concentration are important for improving public health. In this paper, we propose a daily prediction method of PM2.5 concentration by using data-driven ordinary differential equation (ODE)…

We use the ultra-violet (UV) spectra in the range 230--300 nm from the SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) to retrieve the nitric oxide (NO) number densities from atmospheric emissions in the…

The generation of mode-2 nonlinear internal waves (IWs) by the evolution of a mode-1 IW in a two-dimensional stratification is investigated. A generation model accounting for intermodal interaction is derived based on a multi-modal approach…

The atmosphere gains available potential energy by solar radiation and dissipates kinetic energy mainly in the atmospheric boundary layer. We analyze the fluctuations of the global mean energy cycle defined by Lorenz (1955) in a simulation…

It is shown that the north-south teleconnections in the northern hemisphere: North Atlantic (NAO), East Pacific (EPO), Western Pacific (WPO) dipole oscillations and Pacific/North American quadrupole pattern (PNA), are dominated by the…

The simplest version of the method of detection of single molecular scattering basing on the polarization measurements of the twilight sky background by all-sky cameras is considered. The method can be used during the transitive twilight…

For modelling geophysical systems, large-scale processes are described through a set of coarse-grained dynamical equations while small-scale processes are represented via parameterizations. This work proposes a method for identifying the…

Enstrophy, kinetic energy (KE) fluxes and spectra are estimated in different parts of the mid-latitudinal oceans via altimetry data. To begin with, using geostrophic currents derived from sea-surface height anomaly data provided by AVISO,…

Ocean ventilation is the integrated effect of various processes that propagate surface properties to the ocean interior. Its precise understanding is the prerequisite for addressing essential questions such as oxygen supply, the storage of…

Observational data collected during experiments, such as the planned Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment (FASMEE), are critical for progressing and transitioning coupled fire-atmosphere models like WRF-SFIRE and WRF-SFIRE-CHEM into…

Two subsystems of the Asian Monsoon: the Indian Summer Monsoon and the Western North Pacific Monsoon, have been analysed using their daily indices ISMI and WNPMI. It is shown that on the intraseasonal time scales the ISMI and WNPMI are…

An on-ground observation program for high energy atmospheric phenomena in winter thunderstorms along Japan Sea has been performed via measurements of gamma-ray radiation, atmospheric electric field and low-frequency radio band. On February…

The Alaskan Stream is the northern boundary current in the subarctic North Pacific. This area is characterized by significant temperature, salinity and density differences between coastal and open-ocean waters and strong mesoscale dynamics.…

The exergy of the dry atmosphere can be considered as another aspect of the meteorological theories of available energies. The local and global properties of the dry available enthalpy function, also called flow exergy, were investigated in…