大气与海洋物理
The predictability of the atmosphere at short and long time scales, associated with the coupling to the ocean, is explored in a new version of the Modular Arbitrary-Order Ocean-Atmosphere Model (MAOOAM), based on a 2-layer quasi-geostrophic…
High-resolution regional hindcasting of ocean and sea ice plays an important role in the assessment of shipping and operational risks in the Arctic Ocean. The ice-ocean model NEMO-LIM3 was modified to improve its simulation quality for…
This paper has been written to mark 25 years of operational medium-range ensemble forecasting. The origins of the ECMWF Ensemble Prediction System are outlined, including the development of the precursor real-time Met Office monthly…
The presence of small ions influences the growth dynamics of a size distribution of aerosols. Specifically the often neglected mass of small ions influences the aerosol growth rate, which may be important for terrestrial cloud formation. To…
The spread and burned areas of wildfires in Alberta, Canada during a 50 year period, from 1961 through 2010 are studied here. Meteorological factors that control the spread and burn area have been discussed for a long time. In this paper,…
This paper presents the results of a pilot experiment with an existing tidal energy converter (TEC), Evopod 1 kW floatable prototype, in a real test case scenario (Faro Channel, Ria Formosa, Portugal). A baseline marine geophysical,…
The Extreme Universe Space Observatory-Super Pressure Balloon (EUSO-SPB1) is a pathfinder of the JEM-EUSO program, which aims to observe Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) from near-space. It was launched from Wanaka (New Zealand) on…
The sulfur pollutants are the source of a sizeable portion of the air pollution. In this work, the spatial distribution and temporal trend of the mass concentration of two of the critical sulfur pollutants, SO2 and SO4, in addition to the…
Egypt faced heavy rainfall starting from 26th October 2016 which caused flooding in Upper Egypt and Red Sea Coast especially the city of Ras Gharib. In this work, Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was used with one domain of…
A hail-producing supercell on 11 May 2017 produced a small (EFU) tornado near Perkins, Oklahoma (35.97, -97.04) at 2013 UTC. Two infrasound microphones with a 59-m separation and a regional Doppler radar station were located 18.7 km and 70…
We propose two simple fixes to the Ryden and McNeil ammonia flux model. These are necessary to prevent estimates from becoming unphysical, which very often happens and which has not yet been noted in the literature. The first fix is to…
Light influenced by the turbulent ocean can be fully characterized with the help of the power spectrum of the water's refractive index fluctuations, resulting from the combined effect of two scalars, temperature and salinity concentration…
Urbanization has a large impact on human society. Besides, global warming has become an increasingly popular topic since global warming will not only play a significant role in human beings daily life but also have a huge impact on the…
The mean world climate has warmed since the 19th Century as the anthropogenic emission of greenhouse gases has increased the atmospheric opacity to thermal infrared radiation. Has this warming increased the frequency or severity of…
Idealized convection-permitting simulations of radiative-convective equilibrium (RCE) have become a popular tool for understanding the physical processes leading to horizontal variability of tropical water vapor and rainfall. However, the…
Increasing vapor pressure deficit (VPD) increases atmospheric demand for water. While increased evapotranspiration (ET) in response to increased atmospheric demand seems intuitive, plants are capable of reducing ET in response to increased…
We present a theory for Casimir--Polder forces acting on greenhouse gas molecules dissolved in a thin water film. Such a nanosized film has recently been predicted to arise on th surface of melting ice as stabilized by repulsive Lifshitz…
Using particle-scale simulations of non-suspended sediment transport for a large range of Newtonian fluids driving transport, including air and water, we determine the bulk transport cessation threshold $\Theta^r_t$ by extrapolating the…
We investigate the emergence of space stems ahead of negative leaders. These are luminous spots that appear ahead of an advancing leader mediating the leader's stepped propagation. We show that space stems start as regions of locally…
Understanding the dynamics of climate extreme is important in its prediction and modeling. In this study, linear trends in percentile, threshold, absolute, and duration based temperature and precipitation extremes indicator were obtained…