天体物理仪器与方法
We propose a dual-burst implementation of concurrent signaling for technosignature searches. Concurrent signaling is a Schelling-point prescription for implicit coordination between transmitters and receivers without prior communication,…
Photonic lanterns (PLs) are waveguides that convert multi-mode input light to single-mode outputs. Wavefront sensing (WFS) and spectroscopy using a PL have been demonstrated, but PL simulations and experiments show significant mismatches.…
The photonic lantern (PL) is a focal-plane wavefront sensor (WFS) that can be used for second-stage control of extreme adaptive optics (AO) systems. While the number of sensed modes and the dynamic range with respect to each mode have been…
The search for technosignatures (also known as the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence or SETI) depends critically on our ability to distinguish artificial signals from the rich complexity of natural astrophysical phenomena and radio…
The morphology of a spectral-line profile contains information beyond scalar summaries of line strength, centroid, width, global asymmetry, or diagnostic line ratios. Broad wings, shoulders, double peaks, secondary components, and composite…
The VLA Sky Survey (VLASS) is a radio continuum survey of the entire sky visible to the VLA (dec > -40deg) at ~2.5 arcsecond resolution over 2-4 GHz with full polarization. Data processing and quality assurance have proven challenging due…
The most irreplaceable capability of HST in the 2030s is not only its angular resolution or its UV--optical sensitivity, but its accumulated time baseline. We recommend a Hubble Local Group Astrometric Legacy that would obtain matched 2030s…
Current observations with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) suggest that star-forming galaxies produce enough ionizing (LyC; $\lambda < 91.2$ nm) photons to drive cosmic reionization, but the efficiency with which these photons escape…
The spaceflight environment presents unique physicochemical conditions, including microgravity, ionizing radiation, altered fluid transport, and confined engineered habitats, which influence biological systems and biomolecular assembly…
This paper tests whether Kolmogorov--Arnold Networks (KAN 2.0) are genuinely more noise-robust than Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLP) and XGBoost for stellar classification (star/galaxy/quasar, 100,000 SDSS DR17 objects). A naive comparison…
We investigate conditional diffusion modeling for three-dimensional 21 cm lightcone emulation, focusing on cubes with a sky-plane size of $64\times64$ and a line-of-sight depth up to 1024 cells. Relative to earlier 2D studies, the 3D…
Massive stars play a fundamental role in shaping the evolution of galaxies through feedback, chemical enrichment, and their end products as neutron stars and black holes. Despite major progress in the last decade, key uncertainties remain…
In the era of large-scale photometric surveys, scalable and robust methods for classifying supernova (SN) populations are increasingly necessary. Often, spectroscopy is essential in addition to photometry to reliably classify SNe; however,…
We report a comparison of two state-of-the-art agentic AI systems, Claude Code (Anthropic) and Codex (OpenAI), tasked with autonomously executing a simple end-to-end gravitational wave data analysis pipeline on a shared computing…
Radio arrays provide a scalable route to detecting extensive air showers from ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, but trigger studies for candidate layouts are expensive when every energy, arrival direction, core position and trigger…
Context. Hydrodynamical cosmological simulations based on the $\Lambda$-Cold Dark Matter ($\Lambda$CDM) model predict that $\sim$40% of the baryons in the local Universe are missing. These missing baryons are predicted to lie in low-density…
Among spectroscopic techniques, Integral Field Spectroscopy (IFS) is regarded as one of the most versatile and powerful, but it is limited by small FoVs, complex designs, and high costs. We hereby present ROSSINI: the ROtational Slitless…
The chemical and mass evolution of exoplanet atmospheres is shaped by their specific X-ray through ultraviolet (5 - 3200 Angstroms) irradiance history. X-ray and EUV (5 - 911 Angstroms) radiation largely contributes to atmospheric heating…
A central open question in gravitational-wave detector characterization is whether the O4a observing run has introduced glitch morphologies not present in earlier runs. We present gravi-signal-ml, an open-source pipeline for unsupervised…
Self-triggered radio detection of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and neutrinos offers a scalable and cost-effective approach for next-generation astroparticle observatories, but remains challenging under realistic radio-frequency…