天体物理仪器与方法

Advances in cryogenic SQUID-based time-domain multiplexing (TDM) have outpaced their warm readout electronics. Next generation CMB telescopes are baselining kilopixel TES arrays with few viable electronic options. We present picoMUX, a new…

The paper presents a novel ML-based approach for fast and accurate bandpass integration of spectral energy distributions (SEDs). The non-locality of the integral operator involved guarantees the smoothness of the target function to be…

The WFC3/IR channel has been shown to lose sensitivity over time. The sensitivity loss rate has been quantified in past works and we extend those measurements into 2026 using photometry of uncrowded regions of star clusters 47 Tucanae and…

Accurate optical turbulence (OT) forecasts help telescopes observe with maximum efficiency, as the performance of adaptive optics (AO) systems strongly depends on turbulence conditions. OT forecasting remains a challenging problem. A wide…

Robotic and autonomous observatories are critical for modern time-domain and high-cadence astronomical surveys. The operation of these facilities requires complex software coordination to manage hardware, schedule observations, and ensure…

MICADO is the designated ELT first light instrument, a near-infrared imager working at the diffraction limit of the telescope thanks to a SCAO and an MCAO mode. Since summer 2024, MICADO is in its AIT phase and all MICADO partners are…

MICADO is a cryogenic near infrared Multi-AO Imaging Camera and Spectrometer developed for the first light operations at the ELT. It will operate in a "Standalone" configuration with a Single Conjugate Adaptive Optics module for a nominal…

MICADO is the ELT first light instrument, an imager working at the diffraction limit of the telescope thanks to two adaptive optics (AO) modes: a single conjugate one (SCAO), available at the instrument first light and developed by the…

The Coronagraph Instrument on the Roman Space Telescope will be the first space-based system to demonstrate closed-loop focal-plane wavefront sensing and control, a key step towards the Habitable Worlds Observatory. Beyond the baseline…

The composition of scientific review panels is a constrained optimization problem in which a finite pool of experts must be distributed among multiple panels while balancing scientific expertise and demographic diversity. As the number of…

Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarization measurements are pushing instrumental sensitivities to levels where calibration systematics become a dominant limitation. The large dynamic range between cosmological and Galactic emission…

We assess the cost and technical feasibility of extending the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) through the addition of four 8 m-class Unit Telescopes (UTs), an upgrade we refer to as the new generation VLTI (ngVLTI). Such an…

We present PSRDISP, a novel approach to modeling deterministic and stochastic dispersive processes in pulsar timing datasets using high-precision epoch-wise dispersion measure (DM) estimates, with a Gaussian Process based approach. Unlike…

Laser guide star (LGS) adaptive optics cannot directly measure tip-tilt (TT), forcing reliance on natural guide stars and limiting sky coverage. We propose estimating the uplink TT from telemetry acquired at the laser launch telescope…

Conventional multi-object spectrographs (MOS) incur masses and costs that scale unfavourably with channel count~$N_\mathrm{ch}$ and resolving power~$\mathcal{R}$. A dataset of eight fibre-fed MOS-VIS instruments (1995--2024) is compiled and…

Lightspeed will be an ultra-fast (> kHz), ultra-low read noise, multicolor (ugriz + IR) imager for the 6.5 meter Magellan Clay telescope. In a single-channel configuration, Lightspeed will also enable single-shot linear polarimetry,…

Radio interferometers suffer from the missing short-spacing problem, losing large-scale diffuse emission. This missing flux underestimates gas mass and biases key metrics like star formation efficiency. Quantifying this scale-dependent loss…

In this paper, we argue that in a realistic, resource-limited scenario senders whose intent is to maximize successful communication at the lowest cost will utilize very long-lived, pulsed beacons. Further, we argue that mass-producible…

The circumgalactic medium (CGM) -- the multiphase gas reservoirs surrounding galaxies -- remains the least understood component of the baryon cycle governing galaxy growth, despite its central role in the Astro2020 Decadal Survey's…

The two WALOP instruments, built for the PASIPHAE survey, will measure the linear polarization of large numbers of stars in the Galactic polar regions in the SDSS-$r$ band. They are designed with a wide field-of-view, enabling measurement…