天体物理仪器与方法

The spatial distribution and lifetime of molecular gas in the inner regions of young circumstellar disks are key to understanding the formation of planetary systems. Gas-rich disks are observed to disperse in the first ~10 Myr, and recent…

We develop a semi-supervised variational autoencoder (SSVAE) framework to reconstruct and generate neutron star (NS) equations of state (EOS). The SSVAE consists of an encoder network that maps high-dimensional EOS data into a…

Bayesian QU-fitting is among the most accurate approaches for line-of-sight Faraday inference, but its per-pixel computational cost has made survey-scale application infeasible. QU-fitting is an alternative to Faraday synthesis with…

Astrophysical observations taken from Earth are subject to weather, environmental, and scientific constraints that lead to sparse, irregular light curves. On the eve of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time, its…

The geosynchronous (GSO) debris environment is continually evolving. Regular monitoring of the region is consequently of great importance, though the trade-off between coverage and sensitivity makes this challenging for the population of…

The Astronomy Open Science Competence Centre Pilot (Astro-CC) is an ESCAPE-cluster related project meant to enable the astronomy research communities to accelerate their use of Open Science by supporting the implementation of FAIR…

Modern astrophysical studies rely heavily on complex data analysis pipelines; however, published descriptions often lack the detail required for computational reproducibility. In this work, we present an information-theoretic framework to…

Orbital debris is a nonlinear control problem in a stratified orbital environment, not a static inventory. This paper develops a reduced-order shell-and-size framework that connects collision-rate scaling, fragment-production gain, natural…

Bent radio active galactic nuclei (RAGNs) -- wide-angle tails (WATs) and narrow-angle tails (NATs) -- trace dense environments in galaxy groups and clusters, yet no multiclass classifier simultaneously separates them from straight…

Small-pitch populated focal planes are essential enabling technologies for the next generation of highly multiplexed astronomical instruments. As modern astrophysics relies on massive spectroscopic surveys to study dark energy, dark matter,…

We present the design of the Compact Network of Detectors with Orbital Range (CONDOR), a proposed high-altitude gamma-ray and cosmic-ray (CR) observatory set to become the highest of its kind. Planned for installation at Cerro Toco in the…

Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) enables high-angular-resolution observations in astronomy and geodesy by synthesizing a virtual telescope with baselines spanning hundreds to thousands of kilometres. Achieving high instrumental…

This book was created as part of the SIRIUS B VERGE program to orient students to astrophysics as a broad field. The 2023-2024 VERGE program and the printing of this book is funded by the Women and Girls in Astronomy Program via the…

We present the on-site rotation performance of the first three cryogenic continuously rotating half-wave plate (HWP) polarization modulators for the Simons Observatory small aperture telescopes (SATs). The SATs operate at an altitude of…

Modern image formation algorithms in radio interferometry rely on repeated applications of the operator {\Phi} modelling the measurement process and its adjoint {Phi^\dagger} to enforce consistency with the acquired data, specifically via…

Almost every known planet host will evolve into a white dwarf, and the surviving planetary material will continue to orbit this stellar remnant. Asteroids perturbed onto star-grazing orbits will become disrupted, forming an accretion disk…

Young solar-like stars are efficient generators of magnetic activity, superflares, coronal mass ejections (CMEs), and stellar energetic particles. These phenomena drive the early evolution of stars and shape the habitability of exoplanets.…

White dwarf stars, the endpoint of stellar evolution for 97% of stars in our Milky Way, offer a unique and powerful window into the bulk elemental composition of rocky exoplanetary bodies. Up to 50% of single white dwarfs are observed with…

An important evolutionary pathway for planetary atmospheres is escape to space, which has been studied on Earth and Mars for several decades and more recently in exoplanets. A particularly important regime is the hydrodynamic escape,…

Mars provides a critical analog to once habitable exoplanets that have since lost their surface liquid water. The current atmospheric state of Mars retains the chemical fingerprints of that transition, including isotopic signatures of…