天体物理仪器与方法

Supernovae are observed to occur approximately 1-2 times per century in a galaxy like the Milky Way. Based on historical records, however, the last core-collapse galactic supernova observed by humans occurred almost 1,000 years ago.…

Large underwater telescopes have been proposed as a challenging method to measure high energy neutrinos from astrophysical objects. In recent years, The Antares collaboration has designed and realized the first detector of this type in the…

ADASS used to hold a regular FITS BoF (Birds of a Feather meeting). As other data formats started to be used along with FITS, this became a Data Formats BoF, and there was some element of competition between formats, together with an…

Instruments targeting 21~cm emission at high redshifts need a spectral dynamic range of better than ten thousand to distinguish the 21~cm background against bright foregrounds. Systematics arising from the antenna pattern are a leading…

We test the standard Kardashev one-percent exponential conjecture against six decades of global primary-energy production data (1965-2024; Our World in Data). Markov Chain Monte Carlo inference yields a posterior growth rate of r = 2.01 +/-…

Modern astronomical surveys are producing progressively larger and more complex datasets, making traditional supervised approaches that rely on extensive labelled catalogues increasingly difficult. Consequently, pre-training using…

Radio technosignature searches and radio-based ultra-high energy (UHE) neutrino experiments address different scientific questions, but share a closely related data analysis problem: identifying rare signals of unknown morphology within…

Spectro Capture is a Python-based software system developed to automate small- observatory fibre-fed spectroscopy. The system integrates target selection, telescope slewing, guide star acquisition, fibre position restoration, calibration…

Random telegraph noise (RTN) is a major contributor to read noise in many CMOS image sensors considered for astronomical use. While scientific CMOS image sensors deliver lower read noise than traditional charge-coupled devices, mitigating…

The NSF-DOE Vera C. Rubin Observatory, Roman Space Telescope, Euclid, and other next-generation surveys will deliver imaging, spectroscopic, and time-domain data at scales that increasingly shift the bottleneck in astronomical machine…

Lunar laser ranging (LLR) currently delivers mm-class tests of relativistic gravity and the lunar interior, but further gains are limited by photon-starved pulsed systems, array-induced pulse broadening, and atmospheric variability. This…

Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTA) provide a powerful framework to measure low-frequency gravitational waves, but accuracy and robustness of the results are challenged by complex noise processes that must be accurately modeled. Standard PTA…

We developed, characterized, and verified an alignment procedure for the DESHIMA 2.0 instrument, an ultra wide-band spectrometer operating between 200--400 GHz, at the ASTE telescope. To this end, we mounted the warm optics, consisting of a…

Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) presents a key challenge for technology development in the coming years, requiring a $>$ $100\times$ more stable system than \textit{JWST}. WaveDriver is a concept for a laser guide star spacecraft coupled…

We describe the design, hardware integration, and calibration performance of the Wide-Field Imager (WFI) instruments for the Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere (PUNCH) mission. The WFI instruments are a trio of visible-light…

NectarCAM is a Cherenkov camera designed to detect gamma rays with energies between 80 GeV and 50 TeV. It will equip nine medium-sized telescopes (MSTs) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory. NectarCAM consists of 1855 pixels…

Systematic observations of the Sun are performed at Meudon observatory since 1908 under the form of monochromatic images. However, a major technical improvement occurred in 2017; since this date, spectroscopic datacubes are obtained daily…

This paper presents a comprehensive study of quasar photometric classification and redshift estimation using machine learning techniques. We cross-matched photometric data from the Dark Energy Survey Data Release 2 (DES DR2) with…

The rapid development of mega-constellations in low Earth orbit (LEO) severely impacts ground-based optical astronomical observations. By combining WorldWide Telescope (WWT) simulations with 2019 and 2023 observational data from the…

The human presence in outer space is undergoing a transition from one in which nation states are the dominant actors to an emerging status quo in which states merely supervise the activities of private entities. Such largely commercial…