天体物理仪器与方法

As current Stage-4 multi-object instruments such as SDSS-V, DESI, MOONS or 4MOST are providing astrophysicists data to study the objects of the Universe, effort is arising to build the next generation of Stage-5 multi-object focal planes;…

We present a novel mapmaking method for obtaining unbiased estimates of CMB polarisation, tailored to modern CMB experiments with a rotating half-wave plate. These experiments are exposed to strong unpolarised contaminant sources, such as…

Current and next-generation time-domain surveys demand automated techniques capable of analyzing millions of light curves, observed in multiple filters, without relying on exhaustive human annotation or scarce spectroscopic follow-up. We…

We present experimental results of an efficient small-IWA ($\sim$1 $\lambda/D$) high contrast imaging approach realized by co-optimizing a coronagraph front-end with a fiber nulling 2nd stage. The setup includes the one-dimensional…

SAOImageDS9 (DS9) is an open-source, cross-platform application for the visualization and analysis of astronomical data. Developed at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, DS9 evolved from an example implementation of reusable imaging…

As part of the science book of SHARP, we present here the science case of star-disk interaction of low-mass (\Mstar$\leq$2\Msun) young stellar objects (YSOs), in low-metallicity (Z$<$ 0.2 \Zsun) star forming regions (SFRs) and supermassive…

The astronomical community's ability to use modern machine learning shapes the science return of upcoming facilities. Recent community assessments single out education as the principal barrier to adoption, because what limits uptake is the…

The Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs), with their large apertures and cutting-edge Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics (MCAO) systems, promise to deliver data that is both sharper and deeper than even the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)…

Stellar photospheric heterogeneities, such as starspots and faculae, are a fundamental limitation for exoplanet transmission spectroscopy. Inhomogeneous surfaces can imprint wavelength-dependent signals during transits that may mimic or…

Strong gravitational lensing constrains cosmology and dark matter, but robust inference requires accurate source reconstruction. The achievable source resolution is highly position-dependent. Adaptive meshes can place resolution where…

Ground-based astronomical surveys inadvertently capture streaks from satellites and space debris crossing their fields of view. These incidental observations from wide-field instruments such as OmegaCAM on the VST offer valuable…

Higher-order Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) laser modes have been proposed to reduce test-mass thermal noise in laser interferometric gravitational-wave detectors, owing to their more homogeneous intensity profiles compared to the currently…

We present the operational capabilities and on-sky performance of the SOAR Adaptive Module Optical Spectrograph (SAMOS) at the completion of its science commissioning phase. SAMOS is a Digital Micromirror Device (DMD)-based multi-object…

The Wide Field Imager (WFI), one of the two instruments on ESA's next large X-ray observatory NewAthena, is designed for imaging spectroscopy in the 0.2-15 keV range, combining a large field of view with high count-rate capability. Its…

The Spectroscopy Focusing Array (SFA) is one of the three instruments on the eXTP satellite. It consists of six telescopes plus focal plane cameras, where five are equipped with a Silicon Drift Detector (SDD) array. These five SFA-T (T…

The large amount and diversity of documentation available for users of the European Southern Observatory (ESO), spanning the full observing lifecycle from proposal preparation and observation planning to data reduction and archival access,…

An on-chip band-defining filter coupled with a superconducting photon detector is a promising technology for developing multi-band imaging cameras at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths. In this paper, we present the design of on-chip…

Sub-terahertz astronomy requires instruments capable of simultaneous observations across multiple spectral bands, motivating the development of broadband anti-reflection coatings (ARCs). We investigated low-loss dielectrics with refractive…

To investigate the formation history of large-scale structure through the dynamics of galaxy clusters, we are developing a multi-color millimeter and submillimeter-wave continuum camera (GLTCAM) for deployment on the Green-land Telescope…

Previous studies have shown that $\delta$ Scuti stars can be used for determining spacecraft position and time similar to X-ray pulsar navigation, but open questions remain regarding the light-curve stability, and, therefore, the navigation…