保护虚拟现实体验：揭示并解决基于可解释 AI 的腮 sickness 攻击

虚拟现实（VR）与人工智能（AI）， Specifically deep learning（DL）-based cybersickness 检测模型的 synergy， has ushered in unprecedented advancements in 沉浸式体验 by automatically detecting cybersickness severity and adaptively various mitigation techniques， offering a smooth and comfortable VR experience. While this DL-enabled cybersickness detection method provides promising solutions for enhancing user experiences， it also introduces new risks since these models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks；a small perturbation of the input data that is visually undetectable to human observers can fool the cybersickness detection model and trigger unexpected mitigation， thus disrupting user immersive experiences（UIX）and even posing safety risks. In this paper， we present a new type of VR attack， i.e., a cybersickness attack， which successfully stops the triggering of cybersickness mitigation by fooling DL-based cybersickness detection models and dramatically hinders the UIX. Next， we propose a novel explainable artificial intelligence（XAI）-guided cybersickness attack detection framework to detect such attacks in VR to ensure UIX and a comfortable VR experience. We evaluate the proposed attack and the detection framework using two state-of-the-art open-source VR cybersickness datasets: Simulation 2021 and Gameplay dataset. Finally， to verify the effectiveness of our proposed method， we implement the attack and the XAI-based detection using a testbed with a custom-built VR roller coaster simulation with an HTC Vive Pro Eye headset and perform a user study. Our study shows that such an attack can dramatically hinder the UIX. However， our proposed XAI-guided cybersickness attack detection can successfully detect cybersickness attacks and trigger the proper mitigation， effectively reducing VR cybersickness.