阐明水的接触起电机制
软凝聚态物质
2026-03-26 v1 化学物理
摘要
已知开阔水面带有电荷，但电荷的大小与起电的物理机制仍不清楚，在科学界引发激烈争论。本文直接测量从亲水与疏水毛细管喷出的微滴的电荷，表明水面可根据pH与毛细管类型带正或负电荷。我们的实验、理论与模拟证明，具有不同离子吸附能的两个水界面（如液-固与液-气界面）的结处会产生高达52 mV、依赖pH的接触电势差。由刺激的界面间纵向电荷转移决定了开阔水面的电荷。所提出的静电荷机制为生物与电化学能量系统中电势的起源提供了深远的见解。
引用
@article{arxiv.2212.14758,
title = {Elucidating contact electrification mechanism of water},
author = {Vasily Artemov and Laura Frank and Roman Doronin and Philipp Stärk and Alexander Schlaich and Anton Andreev and Thomas Leisner and Aleksandra Radenovic and Alexei Kiselev},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2212.14758},
year = {2026}
}
备注
21 pages main text, 4 figures, supporting information, including the theory of the charge transfer between two dissimilar aqueous interfaces induced by the contact potential difference, details of molecular dynamics simulations, and additional graphs, photos, and diagrams, including Figures S1 to S18 and Table S1