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The way our eyes move while reading can tell us about the cognitive effort required to process the text. In the present study, we use this fact to generate texts with controllable reading ease. Our method employs a model that predicts human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Andreas Säuberli , Darja Jepifanova , Diego Frassinelli , Barbara Plank

As virtual reality (VR) becomes more widely adopted, secure and efficient text entry is an increasingly critical need. In this paper, we identify a vulnerability in a state-of-the-art secure VR text entry method and introduce a novel…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Yuxuan Huang , Qiao Jin , Tongyu Nie , Victoria Interrante , Evan Suma Rosenberg

Annotation is an effective reading strategy people often undertake while interacting with digital text. It involves highlighting pieces of text and making notes about them. Annotating while reading in a desktop environment is considered…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Anam Ahmad Khan , Joshua Newn , Ryan Kelly , Namrata Srivastava , James Bailey , Eduardo Velloso

Keystroke dynamics study the way in which users input text via their keyboards. Having the ability to differentiate users, typing behaviors can unobtrusively form a component of a behavioral biometric recognition system to improve existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Blaine Ayotte , Mahesh K. Banavar , Daqing Hou , Stephanie Schuckers

Individuals with upper limb mobility impairments often require assistive technologies to perform activities of daily living. While gaze-tracking has emerged as a promising method for robotic assistance, existing solutions lack sufficient…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Rafael R. Baptista , Nina R. Gerszberg , Ricardo V. Godoy , Gustavo J. G. Lahr

The potential of gaze for hands-free mobile interaction is increasingly evident. While each gaze input technique presents distinct advantages and limitations, a combination can amplify strengths and mitigate challenges. We report on the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Omar Namnakani , Yasmeen Abdrabou , Jonathan Grizou , Mohamed Khamis

Prompting and steering techniques are well established in general-purpose generative AI, yet assistive visual question answering (VQA) tools for blind users still follow rigid interaction patterns with limited opportunities for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Farnaz Zamiri Zeraati , Yang Trista Cao , Yuehan Qiao , Hal Daumé , Hernisa Kacorri

Traditional authentication methods, such as passwords and biometrics, verify a user's identity only at the start of a session, leaving systems vulnerable to session hijacking. Continuous authentication, however, ensures ongoing verification…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Sai Ganesh Grandhi , Saeed Samet

Older adults increasingly adopt small-screen devices, but limited motor dexterity hinders their ability to type effectively. While a 9-key (T9) keyboard allocates larger space to each key, it is shared by multiple consecutive letters.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Emily Kuang , Ruihuan Chen , Mingming Fan

Gaze and face tracking algorithms have traditionally battled a compromise between computational complexity and accuracy; the most accurate neural net algorithms cannot be implemented in real time, but less complex real-time algorithms…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-21 George He , Sami Oueida , Tucker Ward

This paper presents a low-cost eye-tracker aimed at carrying out tests based on a Visual Paired Comparison protocol for the early detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment. The proposed eye-tracking system is based on machine learning…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Danilo Greco , Francesco Masulli , Stefano Rovetta , Alberto Cabri , Davide Daffonchio

This paper presents a wearable electrotactile feedback system to enhance contact information for mid-air interactions with virtual objects. In particular, we propose the use of electrotactile feedback to render the interpenetration distance…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Sebastian Vizcay , Panagiotis Kourtesis , Ferran Argelaguet , Claudio Pacchierotti , Maud Marchal

Gaze tracking is increasingly becoming an essential component in Augmented and Virtual Reality. Modern gaze tracking al gorithms are heavyweight; they operate at most 5 Hz on mobile processors despite that near-eye cameras comfortably…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-01-20 Yu Feng , Nathan Goulding-Hotta , Asif Khan , Hans Reyserhove , Yuhao Zhu

Gaze interaction presents a promising avenue in Virtual Reality (VR) due to its intuitive and efficient user experience. Yet, the depth control inherent in our visual system remains underutilized in current methods. In this study, we…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Chenyang Zhang , Tiansu Chen , Eric Shaffer , Elahe Soltanaghai

Video conferences play a vital role in our daily lives. However, many nonverbal cues are missing, including gaze and spatial information. We introduce LookAtChat, a web-based video conferencing system, which empowers remote users to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Zhenyi He , Ruofei Du , Ken Perlin

We aim to help users communicate their intent to machines using flexible, adaptive interfaces that translate arbitrary user input into desired actions. In this work, we focus on assistive typing applications in which a user cannot operate a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Jensen Gao , Siddharth Reddy , Glen Berseth , Nicholas Hardy , Nikhilesh Natraj , Karunesh Ganguly , Anca D. Dragan , Sergey Levine

Text selection is an essential activity in interactive systems, including virtual reality (VR) head-mounted displays (HMDs). It is useful for: sharing information across apps or platforms, highlighting and making notes while reading…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Wenge Xu , Xuanru Meng , Kangyou Yu , Sayan Sacar , Hai-Ning Liang

Augmented Reality (AR) see-through vision is an interesting research topic since it enables users to see through a wall and see the occluded objects. Most existing research focuses on the visual effects of see-through vision, while the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Zhimin Wang , Yuxin Zhao , Feng Lu

The interplay between text and visualization is gaining importance for media where traditional text is enriched by visual elements to improve readability and emphasize facts. In two controlled eye-tracking experiments ($N=12$), we approach…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Franziska Huth , Maurice Koch , Miriam Awad , Daniel Weiskopf , Kuno Kurzhals

Current LLM assistants are powerful at answering questions, but they have limited access to the behavioral context that reveals when and where a user is struggling. We present a gaze-grounded multimodal LLM assistant that uses egocentric…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Valdemar Danry , Javier Hernandez , Andrew Wilson , Pattie Maes , Judith Amores
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