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Text input in extended reality (XR) applications remains inefficient and tedious. Most solutions are derived from the traditional keyboard layout, yet fail to translate its positive characteristics to the spatial digital realm. This limits…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Fabian Rücker , Torben Storch

Virtual-reality (VR) and augmented-reality (AR) technology is increasingly combined with eye-tracking. This combination broadens both fields and opens up new areas of application, in which visual perception and related cognitive processes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-22 Lena Stubbemann , Dominik Dürrschnabel , Robert Refflinghaus

Gaze is a valuable means of communication for impaired people with extremely limited motor capabilities. However, robust gaze-based intent recognition in multi-object environments is challenging due to gaze noise, micro-saccades, viewpoint…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yuzhi Lai , Shenghai Yuan , Peizheng Li , Andreas Zell

The advent and growing popularity of Virtual Reality (VR) and Mixed Reality (MR) solutions have revolutionized the way we interact with digital platforms. The cutting-edge gaze-controlled typing methods, now prevalent in high-end models of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Hanqiu Wang , Zihao Zhan , Haoqi Shan , Siqi Dai , Max Panoff , Shuo Wang

Visual gaze estimation, with its wide-ranging application scenarios, has garnered increasing attention within the research community. Although existing approaches infer gaze solely from image signals, recent advances in visual-language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Jun Wang , Hao Ruan , Liangjian Wen , Yong Dai , Mingjie Wang

Smart glasses are emerging as a popular wearable computing platform potentially revolutionizing the next generation of human-computer interaction. The widespread adoption of smart glasses has created a pressing need for discreet and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Payal Mohapatra , Ali Aroudi , Anurag Kumar , Morteza Khaleghimeybodi

Gaze input has been a promising substitute for mouse input for point and select interactions. Individuals with severe motor and speech disabilities primarily rely on gaze input for communication. Gaze input also serves as a hands-free input…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Vijay Rajanna , Tracy Hammond

We present an interactive visual framework named InternGPT, or iGPT for short. The framework integrates chatbots that have planning and reasoning capabilities, such as ChatGPT, with non-verbal instructions like pointing movements that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Zhaoyang Liu , Yinan He , Wenhai Wang , Weiyun Wang , Yi Wang , Shoufa Chen , Qinglong Zhang , Zeqiang Lai , Yang Yang , Qingyun Li , Jiashuo Yu , Kunchang Li , Zhe Chen , Xue Yang , Xizhou Zhu , Yali Wang , Limin Wang , Ping Luo , Jifeng Dai , Yu Qiao

This study introduces an ability-based method for personalized keyboard generation, wherein an individual's own movement and human-computer interaction data are used to automatically compute a personalized virtual keyboard layout. Our…

Advanced multimodal AI agents can now collaborate with users to solve challenges in the world. Yet, these emerging contextual AI systems rely on explicit communication channels between the user and system. We hypothesize that implicit…

We present a model for inferring where users look during interaction based on keypress data only. Given a key log, it outputs a scanpath that tells, moment-by-moment, how the user had moved eyes while entering those keys. The model can be…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Yujun Zhu , Danqing Shi , Hee-Seung Moon , Antti Oulasvirta

Dynamically synthesizing talking speech that actively responds to a listening head is critical during the face-to-face interaction. For example, the speaker could take advantage of the listener's facial expression to adjust the tones,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-22 Mohan Zhou , Yalong Bai , Wei Zhang , Ting Yao , Tiejun Zhao , Tao Mei

Losing track of reading progress during line switching can be frustrating. Eye gaze tracking technology offers a potential solution by highlighting read paragraphs, aiding users in avoiding wrong line switches. However, the gap between gaze…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Sikai Yang , Gang Yan , Wan Du

Existing touchscreen software keyboards prevent users from resting their hands, forcing slow and fatiguing index-finger tapping ("chicken typing") instead of familiar hands-down ten-finger typing. We present KeySense, a purely software…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Tony Li , Yan Ma , Zhuojun Li , Chun Yu , IV Ramakrishnan , Xiaojun Bi

Previous studies have illustrated the potential of analysing gaze behaviours in collaborative learning to provide educationally meaningful information for students to reflect on their learning. Over the past decades, machine learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Junyuan Liang , Qi Zhou , Sahan Bulathwela , Mutlu Cukurova

Language learners should regularly engage in reading challenging materials as part of their study routine. Nevertheless, constantly referring to dictionaries is time-consuming and distracting. This paper presents a novel gaze-driven…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Taichi Higasa , Keitaro Tanaka , Qi Feng , Shigeo Morishima

While being able to read with screen magnifiers, low vision people have slow and unpleasant reading experiences. Eye tracking has the potential to improve their experience by recognizing fine-grained gaze behaviors and providing more…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Ru Wang , Linxiu Zeng , Xinyong Zhang , Sanbrita Mondal , Yuhang Zhao

Silent speech interface is a promising technology that enables private communications in natural language. However, previous approaches only support a small and inflexible vocabulary, which leads to limited expressiveness. We leverage…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Zixiong Su , Shitao Fang , Jun Rekimoto

Finding ways to accelerate text input for individuals with profound motor impairments has been a long-standing area of research. Closing the speed gap for augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices such as eye-tracking…

This paper investigates the feasibility of fusing two eye-centric authentication modalities-eye movements and periocular images-within a calibration-free authentication system. While each modality has independently shown promise for user…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Dillon Lohr , Michael J. Proulx , Mehedi Hasan Raju , Oleg V. Komogortsev