相关论文: Reconstructing the density operator via simple pro…

The Wigner function for one and two-mode quantum systems is explicitely expressed in terms of the marginal distribution for the generic linearly transformed quadratures. Then, also the density operator of those systems is written in terms…

It is widely believed that statistical interpretation of quantum mechanics requires that density operators representing quantum states be normalized. We present a description of selective measurements in terms of density operators. The…

Based on a recent proof of free choices in linking equations to the experiments they describe, I clarify relations among some purely mathematical entities featured in quantum mechanics (probabilities, density operators, partial traces, and…

In the operator formalism of quantum mechanics, the density operator describes the complete statistics of a quantum state in terms of d^2 independent elements, where d is the number of possible outcomes for a precise measurement of an…

Approximate solution of the ensemble representability problem for density operators of arbitrary order is obtained. This solution is closely related to the ``Q condition'' of A.J.Coleman. The representability conditions are formulated in…

We show that the time evolution of density operator of open qubit system can always be described in terms of the Kraus representation. A general scheme on how to construct the Kraus operators for an open qubit system is proposed, which can…

Consider the question: what statistical ensemble corresponds to minimal prior knowledge about a quantum system ? For the case where the system is in fact known to be in a pure state there is an obvious answer, corresponding to the unique…

We first introduce and discuss density operator interpretations of quantum theory as a special case of a more general class of interpretations, giving special attention to a version that we call the `atomic version'. We then review some…

Students in quantum mechanics class are taught that the wave function contains all knowable information about an isolated system. Later in the course, this view seems to be contradicted by the mysterious density matrix, which introduces a…

In quantum physics, the density operator completely describes the state. Instead, in classical physics the mean value of every physical quantity is evaluated by means of a probability distribution. We study the possibility to describe pure…

An analytically derived 'integral operator' approach is introduced to estimate the expectation value of a quantum operator for an evolving state weighted with an exponential function. This allows to compute quantities useful in Nuclear…

We show that any arbitrary time-dependent density operator of an open system can always be described in terms of an operator-sum representation regardless of its initial condition and the path of its evolution in the state space, and we…

Any method for estimating the ensemble average of arbitrary operator (observables or not, including the density matrix) relates the quantity of interest to a complete set of observables, i.e. a quorum}. This corresponds to an expansion on…

In quantum mechanics, predictions are made by way of calculating expectation values of observables, which take the form of Hermitian operators. It is far less common to exploit non-Hermitian operators to perform measurements. Here, we show…

We derive an exact equation of motion for the reduced density matrices of individual subsystems of quantum many-body systems of any lattice dimension and arbitrary system size. Our projection operator based theory yields a highly efficient…

The not necessarily unitary evolution operator of a finite dimensional quantum system is studied with the help of a projection operators technique. Applying this approach to the Schr\"odinger equation allows the derivation of an alternative…

We provide theory, algorithms, and simulations of non-equilibrium quantum systems using a one-dimensional (1D) completely-positive (CP), matrix-product (MP) density-operator ($\rho$) representation. By generalizing the matrix product…

We derive an expression for a density operator estimated via Bayesian quantum inference in the limit of an infinite number of measurements. This expression is derived under the assumption that the reconstructed system is in a pure state. In…

The quasiprobability representation of quantum states addresses two main concerns, the identification of nonclassical features and the decomposition of the density operator. While the former aspect is a main focus of current research, the…

We introduce the Gaussian quantum operator representation, using the most general multi-mode Gaussian operator basis. The representation unifies and substantially extends existing phase-space representations of density matrices for Bose…