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A general definition of energy is given, via the N\"other theorem, for the N-body problem in (1+1) dimensional gravity. Within a first-order Lagrangian framework, the density of energy of a solution relative to a background is identified…

We introduce a general scheme to consistently truncate equations of motion for Green's functions. Our scheme is guaranteed to generate physical Green's functions with real excitation energies and positive spectral weights. There are free…

The effect of external static charging on borophenes - 2D boron crystals - is investigated by using first principles calculations. The influence of the excess negative charge on the stability of the 2D structures is examined using a very…

The exact wave functions, which describe the states of an electron, bound in the image potential, and the magnetic field, which is perpendicular to surface of a metal, are obtained. The correction terms to the energy of an electron in the…

The accelerated expansion of the universe motivates a wide class of scalar field theories that modify gravity on large scales. In regions where the weak field limit of General Relativity has been confirmed by experiment, such theories need…

The self-force acting on a (scalar or electric) charge held in place outside a massive body contains information about the body's composition, and can therefore be used as a probe of internal structure. We explore this theme by computing…

A new scheme for constructing approximate effective electron potentials within density-functional theory is proposed. The scheme consists of calculating the effective potential for a series of reference systems, and then using these…

By using the recently generalized version of Newton Shell Theorem [3] analytical equations are derived to calculate the electric interaction energy between two charged spheres, a small one is located within a larger one, and each sphere is…

A new mechanism is described, analyzed and visualized, for the dissipation of suprathermal rotation energy of molecules in magnetic fields, a necessary condition for their alignment. It relies upon the Lorentz force perturbing the motion of…

To clarify the relation of energy shifts to scattering phase shifts in one-body and many-body problems, we examine their relation in a number of different situations. We derive, for a particle in a container of arbitrary shape with a…

We compute the electromagnetic self-force acting on a charged particle held in place at a fixed position r outside a five-dimensional black hole described by the Schwarzschild-Tangherlini metric. Using a spherical-harmonic decomposition of…

Computationally inexpensive approximations describing electron-phonon scattering in molecular-scale conductors are derived from the non-equilibrium Green's function method. The accuracy is demonstrated with a first principles calculation on…

An alternative method for computing dipole-dipole interaction energy in systems of 1D and 2D periodicity like nanowires, nanotubes and thin films is presented. The approach is based on the use of periodic Green's functions that satisfy…

The discrete and charge-separated nature of matter - electrons and nuclei - results in local electrostatic fields that are ubiquitous in nanoscale structures and are determined by their shape, material, and environment. Such fields are…

We give a comprehensive presentation of methods for calculating the Casimir force to arbitrary accuracy, for any number of objects, arbitrary shapes, susceptibility functions, and separations. The technique is applicable to objects immersed…

The non-relativistic static and dynamic dipole polarizabilities of hydrogen atom experiencing a cylindrical confinement are investigated. Two methods based on B-Splines are used for the computations of the energies and wavefunctions. The…

We explore spin dependent transport through a magnetic quantum wire which is attached to two non-magnetic metallic electrodes. We adopt a simple tight-binding Hamiltonian to describe the model where the quantum wire is attached to two…

In this paper we present two atomistic models for the energy of a one-dimensional elastic crystal. We assume that the macroscopic displacement equals the microscopic one. The energy of the first model is given by a two-body interaction…

We consider a set of electrostatic problems relevant for determining the real-space structure and the ground-state energy of a two-dimensional electron liquid subject to smooth external potentials. Three fundamental geometries are…

Due to a directional asymmetry of neutrino emission caused by parity violation, a sample of radioactive atoms experiences a small recoil force from neutrino radiation accompanying electron capture by polarized nuclei. An expression for this…