相关论文: Conserved Currents of the Maxwell Equations with E…

A new term describing interactions between charge and potentials may be added to the right hand side of the Einstein equations. In the proposed term an additional tensor has been introduced containing a charge density, analogous to the…

Maxwell's equations are modified to incorporate a scalar field to account for the London's superconductivity. Assuming the electromagnetic field is described by the Klein-Gordon equation, London's equations of superconductivity are then…

A conformal gauge theory is used to describe and unify myriad electromechanical and magnetomechanical coupling effects observed in solid continua. Using a space-time pseudo-Riemannian metric in a finite-deformation setup and exploiting the…

A long-standing controversy concerning the causes of the magnetic field in and around a parallel-plate capacitor is examined. Three possible sources of contention are noted and detailed. The first is the ambiguous initial impression given…

Persistent currents and magnetization are considered for a two-dimensional electron (or gas of electrons) coupled to various magnetic fields. Thermodynamic formulae for the magnetization and the persistent current are established and the…

The article describes a new approach to obtaining the energy-momentum tensor of electromagnetic field in medium without the use of Maxwell's equations and Poynting theorem. The energy-momentum tensor has new qualities and consequences. Its…

Background fields of electromagnetic and gravitational type emerge in the low kinetic energy limit of any regular Lagrangian system and, in particular, in the corresponding limit of any spacetime theory in which the free motion of test…

Although the expressions for energy densities involving electric and magnetic fields are exactly analogous, the connections to forces and electromagnetic potentials are vastly different. For electrostatic situations, the changes in the…

We show that if we start with the free Dirac Lagrangian, and demand local phase invariance, assuming the total phase coming from two independent contributions associated with the charge and mass degrees of freedom of charged Dirac…

Charges are everywhere because most atoms are charged. Chemical bonds are formed by electrons with their charge. Charges move and interact according to Maxwell's equations in space and in atoms where the equations of electrodynamics are…

In this paper, we discuss Galilean relativistic Maxwell theory in detail. We first provide a set of mapping relations, derived systematically, that connect the covariant and contravariant vectors in the Lorentz relativistic and Galilean…

Previously, we have developed a general method to construct invariant conserved currents and charges in gravitational theories with Lagrangians that are invariant under spacetime diffeomorphisms and local Lorentz transformations. This…

Starting from the experimental fact that a moving charge experiences the Lorentz force and applying the fundamental principles of simplicity (first order derivatives only) and linearity (superposition principle), we show that the structure…

It is pointed out that the usual derivation of the well-known Maxwell electromagnetic equations holds only for a medium at rest. A way in which the equations may be modified for the case when the mean flow of the medium is steady and…

The duality relation between the electric and magnetic fields, in the presence of an additional axion-like field, is considered. We derive the new equations that describe the electrodynamics in this model, and we discuss the implications…

For the Yang-Mills-type gauge-field theory with Lorentz symmetry group, we propose and verify an explicit expression for the conserved currents in terms of the energy-momentum tensor. A crucial ingredient is the assumption that the gauge…

Classical equations of motion that are first-order in time and conserve energy can only be quantized after their variables have been transformed to canonical ones, i.e., variables in which the energy is the system's Hamiltonian. The…

Electricity plays a special role in our lives and life. Equations of electron dynamics are nearly exact and apply from nuclear particles to stars. These Maxwell equations include a special term the displacement current (of vacuum).…

Differential conservation laws in Lagrangian field theory are usually related to symmetries of a Lagrangian density and are obtained if the Lie derivative of a Lagrangian density by a certain class of vector fields on a fiber bundle…

Nonlinear Maxwell equations are written up to the third-power deviations from a constant-field background, valid within any local nonlinear electrodynamics including QED with a Euler-Heisenberg (EH) effective Lagrangian. The linear electric…